Torpedoes and Torpedo Warfare: Containing a Complete and Concise Account of the Rise and Progress of Submarine WarfareSleeman, Charles William
History
Torpedoes and Torpedo Warfare: Containing a Complete and Concise Account of the Rise and Progress of Submarine Warfare
Sleeman, Charles William
Torpedoes
The compartment _D_ was furnished with a hood, having slits 1/4 of
an inch wide, all round, through which the steersman could see with
sufficient distinctness to direct his course easily. Motion was
communicated from the wheel to the tiller by means of steel wire ropes,
which it was originally intended should be encased in wrought iron
tubes.
The possibility however of these tubes being bent by a shot, and so
jamming the wire ropes, led to this arrangement being abandoned, and
the ropes were simply run through eyes at intervals along the side.
The armament consisted of a cylindro-conical shaped torpedo towed from
the top of the funnel, round which a ring was fitted with two pulleys
for the towing rope, the strain being taken off by means of two stays
attached forward.
The length of this torpedo was 13 feet and the diameter 9 inches, and
with a speed of 11 knots it has diverged to about 40 degrees from the
direction of the boat's motion when running in smooth water.
The torpedo is worked by means of a small winch and brake fixed on
the after part of the engine room skylight; davits are provided for
dropping the torpedo overboard.
The engines were compound, of the usual inverted double cylinder direct
acting type, capable of developing about 90 indicated horse power, and
were fitted with a surface condenser, so that the vessel could run in
salt water, without danger of injuring her boiler.
A small tank contained a supply of fresh water, to make good
deficiencies arising through leakage, and from steam escaping at the
safety valves, &c.
The circulating, air, and feed pumps were driven by a separate engine.
The boiler was of the locomotive type, the shell being made of Bessemer
steel; the fire box and its stays of copper, and the tubes of solid
drawn brass.
On the official trial, which took place on the Thames on the 17th of
October, 1873, the number of revolutions done in the hour was found
to be 27,177, and the number required to do a mile in still water was
1578. The distance run in the hour was then, 27,177/1578 = 17·22, or
very nearly 17-1/4 miles.
The steam pressure during the trial averaged 85 lbs. per square inch,
and the vacuum 25-1/2 inches.
_Swedish and Danish Boats._--Boats of the same size and similar in all
particulars to the foregoing one--excepting the engines, which are
improved by driving the air pump, feed pump, and circulating pumps off
the main engines, and abolishing the auxiliary engine, which performed
these duties in the case of the Norwegian boat--were made for the
Swedish and Danish governments. The result was an increase of speed to
17·27 miles in the case of the Swedish boat, and to 18·06 miles, or
15-5/8 knots, in the case of the Danish boat.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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