[158] _Address to the Anthropological Section, British Association_, Belfast, 1902. According to Frazer, _l.c._, Vol. IV, p. 50. [159] _The Native Tribes of Central Australia_, by Baldwin Spencer and H. J. Gillen, London, 1891. [160] There is nothing vague or mystical about it, nothing of that metaphysical haze which some writers love to conjure up over the humblest beginnings of human speculation but which is utterly foreign to the simple, sensuous, and concrete modes of the savage. (_Totemism and Exogamy_, I., p. 117.) [161] _l.c._, p. 120. [162] _L’année Sociologique_, Vol. I, V, VIII, and elsewhere. See especially the chapter, _Sur le Totémisme_, Vol. V, 1901. [163] _Social Origins and the Secret of the Totem._ [164] _The Golden Bough_, II, p. 332. [165] “It is unlikely that a community of savages should deliberately parcel out the realm of nature into provinces, assign each province to a particular band of magicians, and bid all the bands to work their magic and weave their spells for the common good.” _Totemism and Exogamy_, Vol. IV, p. 57. [166] _Totemism and Exogamy_, Vol. II, p. 89, and IV, p. 59. [167] _Totemism and Exogamy_, Vol. IV, p. 63. [168] “That belief is a philosophy far from primitive”, Andrew Lang, _Secret of the Totem_, p. 192. [169] Frazer, _Totemism and Exogamy_, Vol. IV, p. 45. [170] Frazer, _l.c._, p. 48. [171] Wundt, _Elemente der Völker-Psychologie_, p. 190. [172] _L’année Sociologique_, 1898-1904. [173] See Frazer’s _Criticism of Durkheim, Totemism and Exogamy_, p. 101. [174] _Secret_, etc., p. 125. [175] See Frazer, _l.c._, Vol. IV, p. 75: “The totemic clan is a totally different social organism from the exogamous class, and we have good grounds for thinking that it is far older.” [176] _Primitive Marriage_, 1865. [177] Frazer, _l.c._, p. 73 to 92. [178] Compare Chapter I. [179] Morgan, _Ancient Society_, 1877.--Frazer, _Totemism and Exogamy_, Vol. IV, p. 105. [180] Frazer, _l.c._, p. 106. [181] _Origin and Development of Moral Conceptions_, Vol. II: Marriage (1909). See also there the author’s defence against familiar objections. [182] _l.c._, p. 97. [183] Compare Durkheim, _La Prohibition de l’Inceste_ (_L’année Sociologique_, I, 1896-7). [184] Charles Darwin says about savages: “They are not likely to reflect on distant evils to their progeny.” [185] See Chapter I. [186] “Thus the ultimate origin of exogamy and with it the law of incest--since exogamy was devised to prevent incest--remains a problem nearly as dark as ever.”--_Totemism and Exogamy_, I, p. 165. [187] _The Origin of Man_, Vol. II, Chap. 20, pp. 603-4. [188] _Primal Law_, London, 1903 (with Andrew Lang, _Social Origins_). [189] _Secret of the Totem_, pp. 114, 143.