The flour ration should be made up of whole wheat or graham flour and
yellow corn meal. For a stimulating beverage coffee is generally
preferred in the United States and tea in Canada. The latter is much
easier to transport and more sustaining to the body. If properly chosen
you can eliminate the tea or coffee pot from the camp outfit. George
Washington coffee and Instant Postum are powdered preparations and all
that is needed is to put a teaspoonful in a cup of hot water, stir up,
sweeten and drink. If you use tea get the tea tabloids which are a great
convenience because of their extreme compactness. Sufficient for 100
cups of good tea occupies only about as much space as one or two ounces
of loose tea leaves. For use throw one tabloid into a cup of hot water,
wait a minute and a satisfying infusion is the result. Tea in general is
to be preferred, for an ounce of it will go as far as many ounces of
coffee.
Dried fruits such as raisins, figs, etc., should always be included in
the ration list. They make fine emergency rations to be carried in the
knapsack (with a cake of sweet chocolate added.) Chocolate beats whisky
for putting new energy into a fellow who is all in. When raisins are
cooked up alone or with rice one gets an agreeable change in the bill of
fare. Rice is one of the most concentrated foods we have, it is easy to
pack and cook and has great sustaining powers as an article of diet. It
has food elements of such a kind that it can be taken in place of
potatoes or bulky breakfast foods. To cook rice, add gradually the
washed kernels to furiously boiling salted water and keep this over the
fire for 20 minutes. Powdered milk is on the market and is more
satisfactorily purchased than made at home. It is the milk of choice
when you have to cut down weight as on a hike.
Baking powder should be pure, and it should be kept in air and water
tight containers and sunk in the middle of the flour sack. I keep it in
an aluminum flask with a cork lined metal screw top. When moisture
reaches baking powder a chemical change takes place destroying its
leavening powers and it is useless for cooking purposes. Keep this in
mind in considering self rising flours which have the baking powder
mixed with the flour in proper proportions for use and simply requiring
the addition of water before cooking.
One has a remarkable craving for sweets when on the trail which only
sugar will satisfy. Sugar is the most concentrated food we have for it
supplies so much heat and energy to the body. In cold weather Nature
calls for more heat in the body and one’s appetite for sweets usually
increases in proportion. Much is written in camp outfitting concerning a
preparation called saccharine or crystallose which is a chemical of
remarkable sweetness--a small portion of it equalling in sweetening
power several hundred times its bulk of sugar. Do not depend on it, for
its chemical action delays digestion and it does not furnish the food
value which sugar does.
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