[Footnote 51: With regard to their places of residence in the time of Edrís Alawóma, see Appendix II.] [Footnote 52: I shall give a short account of the history of that country, in Appendix VI.] [Footnote 53: Thus the name is generally pronounced in the country itself; but it very often sounds like Bagrímmi, and the adjective form is certainly Bágrimma, which often sounds like Barma. The learned men write بَقْرِم and بَكْرِم indifferently, while the Bórnu people write the name Begharmí بَغَرْمي or Bekármí بَكَارْمي.] [Footnote 54: From all that I have said here, it appears very doubtful whether the Ibkárem, ابكارم, mentioned by Ebn Sʿaíd in the latter part of the thirteenth century, can be justly identified with this kingdom. Of course a tribe of this name may have existed many centuries before the foundation of the kingdom. The first undoubted mention of Bagírmi, or Bagharmí, occurs in Imám Áhmed’s account of Edrís Alawóma’s expeditions to Kánem.] [Footnote 55: See collection of itineraries in the Appendix.] [Footnote 56: The fact of the spreading of the Arabs at so early a period, is entirely confirmed by Imám Áhmed’s account.] [Footnote 57: According to others he married also his sister. It seems that some attribute similar crimes to his father.] [Footnote 58: I must observe, however, that boats of the Kaleáma, or islanders of the southern part of the Tsád, sometimes carry corn as far as Búgomán.] [Footnote 59: See Appendix VII.] [Footnote 60: See Appendix IX.] CHAP. LII. HOME-JOURNEY TO KÚKAWA. — DEATH OF MR. OVERWEG. [Sidenote: August 10th.] Although I had once cherished the idea of penetrating towards the upper course of the Nile, I was glad when I turned my face westward, as I had since convinced myself that such an enterprise was not possible under the present circumstances. I had been so many times deceived by the promise of my final departure, that when in the morning of that day a messenger from the zérma arrived with the news that I might get ready my luggage, I did not believe him, and would not stir till Zérma himself made his appearance and confirmed the news, assuring me that I should find the letter of the sultan, with regard to my security on a future visit, with Máina Sabún.