Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
History
Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.
Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
Cinchona; India -- Description and travel; Peru -- Description and travel
ON May 11th Mr. Weir completed the packing of the plants, and we were
preparing for the journey up into the _pajonales_ on the following day,
having previously fixed on the _Calisaya_-trees from which we intended
to obtain a supply of seeds in August, when Gironda received an ominous
letter from Don José Mariano Bobadilla, the Alcalde Municipal of
Quiaca, ordering him to prevent me from taking away a single plant; to
arrest both myself and the person who had acted as my guide; and to
send us to Quiaca.[345] I found that an outcry against my proceedings
had been raised by Don Manuel Martel, the red-faced man whom I had met
on the road to Sandia, and that the people of Sandia and Quiaca had
been excited by assertions that the exportation of cascarilla-seeds
would prove the ruin of themselves and their descendants. Gironda,
though friendly and hospitable, feared that the finger of scorn would
be pointed at him, as the man who had allowed the stranger to injure
his countrymen. He wanted to throw away all the plants, except a few
which we might take without observation, and, if we had not kept
constant guard over them, he would have carried his views into effect
without consulting us. I saw that in an immediate retreat was the only
hope of saving the plants; and I explained to Gironda that his views
were incorrect, and that, if necessary, we were prepared to defend our
property by force.
At the same time I addressed a letter to Don José Bobadilla, stating
that his interference was an unwarrantable step which I would not
tolerate; and that, as I understood the provisions of the Constitution
of 1856, the functions of the _Juntas Municipales_ were purely
consultative and legislative, conferring no executive powers whatever,
concluding with an expression of my sense of his patriotic zeal, and of
regret that it should be accompanied by such misguided and lamentable
ignorance of the true interests of his country. Nevertheless, I felt
the imperative necessity of immediate flight, especially as I obtained
information from an Indian of Quiaca that Martel's son and his party,
who had brought the letter, were only the vanguard of a body of
mestizos, who were coming down the valley to seize me, and destroy my
collection of chinchona-plants.
Early in the morning of May 12th we took leave of our kind and
hospitable old friend Gironda, without whose assistance we should have
been exposed to much suffering from want of food; and of the honest
forester Martinez. I expressed my sincere regret to Gironda that any
misunderstanding should have arisen at the close of our acquaintance,
and promised Martinez to obtain guarantees that he should suffer no
molestation on account of the services he had rendered to me. The most
melancholy part of travelling is the parting with friends, never to
meet again.
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