Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
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Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.
Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
Cinchona; India -- Description and travel; Peru -- Description and travel
The tract of forest land which we came to examine is close to the
bungalow, and from the grassy hill above it there is a glorious view of
Wynaad, and of the plains of Mysore, stretching away to the horizon.
Here the mountains sink abruptly down to the Wynaad table-land, and
the Moyaar river thunders down in a long waterfall, divides Wynaad
from Mysore, and, flowing through a deep gorge to join the Bowany in
Coimbatore, eventually swells the waters of the great river Cauvery.
The land available for immediate occupation comprises about 400 acres
of uncleared forest on the mountain slopes, at an elevation from
a little over 6000 to a little under 5000 feet above the level of
the sea, and with a mean temperature about 8° warmer than that of
Ootacamund.
I selected this site for a plantation of _C. succirubra_, _C.
Calisaya_, _C. micrantha_, and the very delicate _C. Peruviana_,
because, with a good supply of water, and a deep rich soil on a base of
decomposing laterite and syenite, it had a suitable elevation above the
sea, temperature, and amount of humidity. The information we possess
on these points, with regard to the above species, is by no means
complete; but it is sufficiently exact to enable us to form a correct
opinion. Mr. Spruce gives the following details respecting the climate
of the region of _C. succirubra_, in latitude 1° 40´ S. The zone of the
"red bark" is from 2450 to 5000 feet above the sea.
Range in
Mean Min. Mean Max. Mean of Lowest Highest 24 hours.
for for Minima & ----
7 months, 7 months, Maxima, Temperature. Temperature. Entire range
1860. in 7 months,
MONTH. ° ° ° ° ° °
61-1/2 72-1/5 66-3/4 57 80-1/2 23-1/2
-----+-------+--------+---------+-----------+--------------+--------
° ° ° ° ° °
June 61-1/5 74 67-1/2 { 60-1/4 } { 77 } 12-4/5
{on the 27th.} {on the 29th.}
July 60 72-1/2 66-1/4 { 57 } { 80-1/2 } 12-1/2
{on the 11th.} {on the 27th.}
Aug. 61-1/3 74-2/3 68 { 59-3/4 } { 80-1/4 } 13-1/3
{on the 12th.} {on the 28th.}
Sept. 62-1/4 72-1/2 67-1/2 { 60 } { 80 } 10-1/4
{on the 16th.} {on the 19th.}
Oct. 62 70 66 { 60 } { 74 } 8
{on the 21st.} {on the 24th.}
Nov. 62-1/5 71 66-1/2 { 58 } { 75 } 8-4/5
{on the 29th.} {on the 30th.}
Dec. 62 71-1/2 66-3/4 .. .. 9-1/2
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