Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, Volume 3 (of 5): In the years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772 and 1773Bruce, James
History
Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, Volume 3 (of 5): In the years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772 and 1773
Bruce, James
Egypt -- Description and travel; Ethiopia -- Description and travel; Ethiopia -- History; Natural history -- Ethiopia; Nile River
Again, in point of language, there is a variety of tongues spoken in
the second division besides that of Amhara. In Tigrè, however, the
separation as to languages holds true, as there is no tongue known
there but Geez, or that of the Shepherds.
Masuah, in ancient times, was one of the principal places of residence
of the Baharnagash, who, when he was not there himself, constantly left
his deputy, or lieutenant. In summer he resided for several months in
the island of Dahalac, then accounted part of his territory. He was,
after the King and Betwudet, the person of the greatest consideration
in the kingdom, and was invested with sendick and nagareet, the
kettle-drum, and colours, marks of supreme command.
Masuah was taken, and a basha established there soon after, as we have
seen in the history, in the reign of Menas, when the Baharnagash, named
Isaac, confederated with the Turkish basha, and ceded to him a great
territory, part of his own government, and with it Dobarwa, the capital
of his province, divided only by the river Mareb from Tigré. From
this time this office fell into disrepute in the kingdom. The sendick
and nagareet, the marks of supreme power, were taken from him, and he
never was allowed a place in council, unless specially called on by the
king. He preserves his privilege of being crowned with gold; but, when
appointed, has a cloak thrown over him, the one side white, the other a
dark blue, and the officer who crowns him admonishes him of what will
befal him if he preserves his allegiance, which is signified by the
white side of the cloak; and the disgrace and punishment that is to
attend his treason, and which has fallen upon his predecessors, which
he figures to him by turning up the colour of mourning.
Besides the dignity attending this office, it was also one of the most
lucrative. Frankincense, myrrh, and a species of cinnamon, called by
the Italians Cannella, with several kinds of gums and dyes, all very
precious, from Cape Gardefan to Bilur, were the valuable produce of
this country: but this territory, though considerable in length, is not
of any great breadth; for, from south of Hadea to Masuah, it consists
in a belt seldom above forty miles from the sea, which is bounded by a
ridge of very high mountains, running parallel to the Indian Ocean and
the Red Sea, as far as Masuah.
After Azab begin the mines of fossile salt, which, cut into square,
solid bricks of about a foot long, serve in place of the silver
currency in Abyssinia; and from this, as from a kind of mint, great
benefit accrues also.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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