Trial of the Officers and Crew of the Privateer Savannah, on the Charge of Piracy, in the United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New YorkWarburton, A. F. (Adolphus Frederick)
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Trial of the Officers and Crew of the Privateer Savannah, on the Charge of Piracy, in the United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
Warburton, A. F. (Adolphus Frederick)
Piracy -- United States; Privateering -- United States; United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
"The Constitution of the United States provides that in all
criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a
_speedy_ trial by a Jury of the _State and District_ wherein the
crime shall have been committed. The only statute which, if the
Courts of the United States for the State of Georgia were open,
would authorize me to do more than hold this party to security of
the peace, and for good behavior, is the 33d section of the
Judiciary Act of the 24th September, 1789. That section, after
authorizing commitments, &c., for trial, before any Court of the
United States having cognizance of the offence, provides that if
the commitment is in a District other than that in which the
offence is to be tried, it shall be the duty of the Judge of the
District where the delinquent is imprisoned _seasonably_ to issue,
and of the Marshal of the same District to execute, a warrant for
the removal of the offender to the District in which the trial is
to be had. The District Attorney of the United States does not ask
me to issue such a warrant for this party's removal to Georgia for
trial. Therefore I can do nothing under this Act of Congress. It
does not authorize me to detain him in custody to abide the
ultimate result of possible future hostilities in Georgia, or to
hold him to bail for trial in a Court there, of which the sessions
have been interrupted, and are indefinitely postponed."
In reference to the counts of the indictment founded upon the 8th
section of the Act of 1790 and the Act of 1820, the propositions I have
are these:
"_Second_, That to convict the defendants, under either of the first
five counts of the indictment, the Jury must have such evidence as
would warrant a conviction for robbery if the acts proved had been
performed on land.
"_Third_, That the defendants cannot be convicted of robbery, in the
capture of the Joseph, unless she was taken with a piratical and
felonious intent.
"_Fourth_, That if the defendants, at the time of her capture, were
acting under the commission in evidence, and, in good faith, believed
that such commission authorized her capture, they did not act with a
piratical or felonious intent, and cannot be convicted under either of
the first five counts in the indictment."
There are one or two authorities I did not state yesterday, which I beg
now to furnish, as some additional authorities have been handed up on
the other side:
The Josefa Segunda, 5 Wheaton, 357. In this case Judge Livingston says:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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