Trials of war criminals before the Nuernberg military tribunals under control council law no. 10, volume IIIVarious
History
Trials of war criminals before the Nuernberg military tribunals under control council law no. 10, volume III
Various
Nuremberg Trial of Major German War Criminals, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-1946; War crime trials -- Germany -- Nuremberg
“‘Efficient and enduring intimidation can only be achieved
either by capital punishment or by measures by which the
relatives of the criminal and the population do not know the
fate of the criminal. This aim is achieved when the criminal is
transferred to Germany.’”[50]
Preparations for the carrying out of the decree on the part of the
Wehrmacht were entrusted to Lieutenant General Lehmann[51] of the
legal department of the OKW. He conferred with various members of the
Ministry of Justice to determine whether the Ministry would be able
and willing to assume the trials of the captured individuals shipped
to Germany from the occupied countries. It is more than interesting to
note from a statement signed by General Lehmann that, in his opinion,
the defendant Schlegelberger was the only official in the Ministry of
Justice at that time who had the authority to agree to assume the trial
of these cases.
The total number of victims of Nacht und Nebel may never be known, but
we do know that as of 1 November 1943 the Wehrmacht had delivered a
total of more than 5,200 Nacht und Nebel prisoners for trial to the
several courts throughout Germany designated by the Ministry of Justice
for that purpose.
Originally there were four Special Courts assigned to handle the Nacht
und Nebel cases. The Special Court at Kiel was assigned to the cases
arising in Norway; Cologne to the French cases; Essen to Belgium; and
Berlin for cases of a special nature. In the later stages of the Nacht
und Nebel program the effectiveness of Allied bombing made it necessary
to shift the location of some of these courts, principally in the
transfer of the Cologne court to Breslau.
When we call the roll of the defendants before us today who acted in
and were principally responsible for the large part which the Ministry
of Justice played in the Nacht und Nebel program, we find there the
names of Schlegelberger, von Ammon, Mettgenberg, Lautz, Engert, and
Joel, in addition to others who played less conspicuous, if not less
important, roles. If we were to select one of these men who above all
others should have known the criminal nature of the Nacht und Nebel
program, such a man might very well have been the defendant von Ammon
who was the Ministry of Justice’s specialist in international law. Yet
the fact is that the name, von Ammon, together with that of Mettgenberg
recur again and again as the principal negotiators with the OKW in
matters concerning the application of law and the administration of the
Nacht und Nebel program.
The Reich Minister of Justice, in a letter to the public prosecutors
charged with trying Nacht und Nebel cases, outlined in detail the
measures which were to be taken to assure complete secrecy of the
trials. This letter, from which we quote extensively as follows was
endorsed, among others, by von Ammon (_NG-269, Pros. Ex. 319_):
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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