Tribal Custom in Anglo-Saxon Law: Being an Essay Supplemental to (1) 'The English Village Community', (2) 'The Tribal System in Wales'Seebohm, Frederic
History
Tribal Custom in Anglo-Saxon Law: Being an Essay Supplemental to (1) 'The English Village Community', (2) 'The Tribal System in Wales'
Seebohm, Frederic
Anglo-Saxons; Law, Anglo-Saxon; Law, Medieval; Tribes -- Great Britain
This was so to such an extent that while the British Museum is rich in
the coins of Ethelred, still more of them are to be found in Scandinavian
museums.[216] And one marked result of the increased intercourse with
England was an increase also in the Scandinavian coinage, the type of
which was chiefly taken from the coins of Ethelred II.[217]
London had become to some extent the commercial capital indirectly of
what has been happily called the ‘Greater Scandinavia.’
In the words of Mr. Keary:[218] ‘The Greater Scandinavia, with older
countries, included (counting from the East to the West) a large district
in the North and West of Russia extending from Kiev to Lake Ladoga. It
included Sweden, Norway, Denmark and a strip of land in North Germany
(Mecklenburg), Northern England, Man, most of the Western Scottish
Islands, the Orkneys and Shetlands … settlements in Ireland and colonies
in the Faroes and Iceland--a stretch of territories inhabited by peoples
closely allied in blood, in speech, and in customs.’
* * * * *
Was it likely, then, that Cnut in making London the commercial capital of
his kingdom should adopt the English monetary system unchanged, without
regard to that in use in the North?
Happily, in the document known as the ‘De Institutis Lundonie’ we have
an interesting glimpse into the conditions of the port of London, and in
its final clause definite reference to the legalisation of the Danish
currency.
[Sidenote: The commerce of London.]
This document has hitherto been placed doubtfully under the reign of
Ethelred II. with some others of about the same period, but there is no
evidence to show that it should be so placed rather than under the reign
of Cnut. It exists only in Latin and it contains no mention of Ethelred,
while its final clause becomes intelligible only, I think, if regarded as
enacted after the accession of Cnut.
We learn from the document that Aldersgate and Cripplegate were the two
gates which had guards.
Billingsgate, being on the river, was treated as a port. Boats on arrival
paid toll according to size, smaller ones a halfpenny, boats with sails
one penny, ‘a _ceol vel hulcus_’ fourpence if it should lie there. Ships
laden with wood paid ‘one timber’ from their cargo. Those coming with
fish to the bridge also paid toll.
Men from Rouen, with wine or whale, paid six shillings per ship and the
twentieth lump of the whale.
Men of Flanders, Normandy, and France declared their cargoes and paid
toll. Goods overland through Holland and Belgium were also examined and
paid toll. Men of the Emperor who came in their ships were to be held
worthy of the same good laws as ‘our people (_sicut nos_).’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account