Tropical nature, and other essaysWallace, Alfred Russel
History
Tropical nature, and other essays
Wallace, Alfred Russel
Ecology -- Tropics; Natural history -- Tropics; Tropics
Equally remarkable is the increase of size in some islands. The
small island of Amboina produces larger butterflies than any of
the much larger islands which surround it. This is the case with at
least a dozen butterflies belonging to many distinct genera,[30]
so that it is impossible to attribute the fact to other than some
local influence. In Celebes, as I have elsewhere pointed out,[31] we
have a peculiar form of wing and much larger size running through
a whole series of distinct butterflies; and this seems to take the
place of any speciality in colour.
[30] _Ornithoptera priamus_, _O. helena_, _Papilio deiphobus_, _P.
ulysses_, _P. gambrisius_, _P. codrus_, _Iphias leucippe_, _Euplœa
prothoë_, _Hestia idea_, _Athyma jocaste_, _Diadema pandarus_,
_Nymphalis pyrrhus_, _N. euryalus_, _Drusilla jairus_.
[31] “Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection,” pp. 168-173.
In a very small collection of insects recently brought from
Duke-of-York Island (situated between New Britain and New Ireland)
are several of remarkably white or pale coloration. A species of
Euplœa is the whitest of all known species of that extensive genus;
while a beautiful diurnal moth is much whiter than its ally in the
larger island of New Guinea. There is also a magnificent longicorn
beetle almost entirely of an ashy white colour.[32]
[32] These insects are described and figured in the “Proceedings of
the Zoological Society,” for 1877, p. 139. Their names are _Euplœa
browni_, _Alcides aurora_, and _Batocera browni_.
From the Fiji Islands we have comparatively few butterflies; but
there are several species of Diadema of unusually pale colours,
some almost white.
The Philippine Islands seem to have the peculiarity of developing
metallic colours. We find there at least three species of Euplœa[33]
not closely related, and all of more intense metallic lustre than
their allies in other islands. Here also we have one of the large
yellow Ornithopteræ (_O. magellanus_), whose hind wings glow with
an intense opaline lustre not found in any other species of the
entire group; and an Adolias[34] is larger and of more brilliant
metallic colouring than any other species in the archipelago. In
these islands also we find the extensive and wonderful genus of
weevils (Pachyrhynchus), which in their brilliant metallic colouring
surpass anything found in the whole eastern hemisphere, if not in
the whole world.
[33] _Euplœa hewitsonii_, _E. diocletiana_, _E. lætifica_.
[34] _Adolias calliphorus._
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