On March 7, 1911, the Ottoman ministers at London and Paris presented
to the British and French Governments respectively a proposition that
the Bagdad-Basra section of the Bagdad Railway should be constructed
by an Ottoman company, to the capital of which the Turkish Government
should subscribe 40%, and German, French, and British capitalists 20%
each. The Sublime Porte expressed a willingness, furthermore, to confer
with representatives of France and Great Britain for the purpose of
satisfying the legitimate political demands of those two nations in
Syria and Mesopotamia. The following day, nevertheless, Sir Edward
Grey informed the House of Commons that His Majesty’s Government was
not prepared to consent to an increase in the Turkish customs duties,
because it was not clear that the Ottoman Government was ready to
guarantee adequate protection to British commercial interests in
Mesopotamia and the region of the Persian Gulf.[11]
This decision was received in Constantinople with undisguised
animosity. Young Turks were as little disposed to tolerate British,
as they were French, supervision of Ottoman finances and economic
policies. The press roundly denounced the British and said that once
again Turkey had been shown the wisdom of friendship for Germany.[12]
Entente actions were contrasted with the more conciliatory policy
of the Germans. As early as November, 1910, Baron Marschall von
Bieberstein had notified the Sublime Porte that Germany would place
no obstacles in the way of an increase in the Ottoman customs duties
and that, furthermore, his Government was prepared to urge that
the Anatolian and Bagdad Railway Companies forego any additional
assignment of Turkish revenues. During the first week of March, 1911,
Dr. von Gwinner and Dr. Helfferich informed the Ottoman Government
that the Bagdad Railway Company was willing to abandon its right to
construct the sections of the line from Bagdad to Basra and the Persian
Gulf, including the concessions for port and terminal facilities
at Basra. The Turkish Government was to be given a free hand as to
the disposition of the portion of the railway beyond Bagdad, with
the single reservation that the _Deutsche Bank_ should be awarded a
share in the enterprise equal to that granted any non-Ottoman group
of financiers. The German proposals were accepted and incorporated in
a formal convention of March 21, 1911, by which the Bagdad Railway
Company abandoned its claims to further commitments from the Ottoman
Treasury and agreed, at the pleasure of the Turkish Government, to
surrender its concession for the Bagdad-Basra-Persian Gulf sections to
an Ottoman company internationally owned and controlled.[13]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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