Powers, the, proposals of 1895, 77; the Capitulations, 201, 231 Presbyterians, 228 Press, the, in Turkey, 148–149, 160, 188, 230–232, 251; evading the censorship, 23–24, 171 Prinkipo Islands, 20 Prior, Mr. Melton, 29 Procopius of Cæsarea, 183 Protestants in Turkey, 120–121, 228 Pruth, the, 164 Ramadan Festival, 149–150 Razi Khan, 74 “Realm of the Habsburgs,” by Mr. Sidney Whitman, 284, 292 Red Cross, the, 205 Redcliffe, Lord Stratford de, 56, 193, 261 Reformation, the English, 213 Religious toleration in Turkey, 216–222, 227–228; firman of 1854, 229–230 Revolvers at the Pera Palace Hotel, 17 Rhodes, Island of, 25, 127 Riedler, Professor, 248 Rifat Bey, 169 Roads, Persian, 80–81, 85, 101, 125, 128 Robert College on the Bosphorus, 226–227 Roberts, Lord, 286 Roman Catholic Armenians, 21 Rome, rites in communion with, 228 Roqueferrier, M., 93 Rothschild, London house of, 20 Roumania, King of, 272 Ruskin, saying of, _quoted_, 131 Rushti Bey, Colonel, 65, 107 Russia—Turkish policy of, 19, 127, 147, 232, 276–279, 296–297; revolutionary propaganda fomented by, 20–21, 24, 61, 75–76, 123; protest against German officers in Turkey, 49; influence in Erzeroum, 90–92, 97; the Czar’s promise to Abdul Hamid, 162, 277 _and note_; trade with Turkey, 165; religious toleration in, 229 Russian Cossack regiments, 73 Russo-Japanese War, 296 Russo-Turkish War, 44, 85–86, 164 Saadi, poet, 290 Sadjur, River, 114 Sadowa, battle of, 182 Saint Andrews, Cathedral of, 213 Saint Sophia, Church of, 250 Saladin, 114, 216–217, 233 Salisbury, Marquis of, 1, 170, 220 (_note_) Salonica, Greek population, 37, 49–50; Jewish element, 38–39; English element, 39–40; outbreak of the war, 49; Turks in, 251 Salzburg, 5 Samsoun, 66 Saumur, 45 Schah-Zadè, Sultan, 8 Schiites, 233 Schismanian, Givon, 77 Schools, Armenian, 63, 66, 75, 99, 127; Turkish, 164–165, 275 Schopenhauer, 237 Schreyer, 114 Scott, Sir Walter, _quoted_, 49 Scutari, 257; the English cemetery, 165, 201–202 Sedan-chairs, 197 Selamlik, ceremony of the, 154–158, 164, 178–181, 253 Selim, Sultan, 8, 110, 111, 217, 233 Shamyl, submission of, 278 Shaw, Captain, 243 Shaw, G. B., 48 Shefket Pasha, Marshal, 51 Sheikh-ul-Islam, 52, 217, 233, 237–238 Sheikhs, 143–145 Shipka Pass, 71 Silver mines, 83–84 Sirry Bey, 64, 103–106, 113, 117, 172, 266–267 Sitaouk, 97 Sivas, 76 Smyrna, 22, 127 Smyrna-Aidin Railway, 273 Sobranje, the, Mohammedan members, 242 Softas, 145 Solferino, 182 Sorovitch, 41, 42 Spain—Religious intolerance in, 38, 217, 250; the Moors in, 220–221; generosity of the people, 248 Special Correspondent, Mr. Gordon Bennett’s ideas of his duties, 11–12 Spencer, Herbert, 237 Spinoza, 237 “Stambolin,” 25, 150, 176