Another example of the use of turquois as an inlay is supposed to
be unique. Many years ago we obtained from Don Francisco Belmar a
beautiful tripod vessel supporting against the side a polychrome human
figure in the round, representing the god Macuilxochitl, god of dance
and sport--the deity represented with the painted design around the
mouth. It is not necessary here to discuss the question raised by Seler
regarding the attributes and representations of the two analogous
gods Macuilxochitl and Xochipilli. The vessel here seems clearly to
be Macuilxochitl, corresponding with that given by Sahagun in the
manuscript of the Real Palacio, Madrid. What is of interest is the
disc of turquois inserted in the clay on the upper left-hand part of
the chest, unquestionably there placed to denote some attribute of the
deity.
CHICHEN ITZA SPECIMENS
We will now consider some interesting examples from the Mayan ruins
of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, which were found in the sacred well, or
_cenote_, at that site. This sacred well is described by Casares in
1905[81] as arousing the admiration and awe of the Indians even to
this day. It is about 450 feet north of the great pyramid known as the
Castillo, and a paved way, several inches high, leads to it. At the
brink is a small temple. The cenote is about 150 feet in diameter; the
level of the water is 70 feet below the surface, and it is 40 feet
deep, with a deposit of mud estimated to be about 30 feet in thickness.
Landa writes: “They [the Maya] held Cozumel and the well of Chichen
Itza in the same veneration as do pilgrims now Jerusalem and Rome,
and so they used to visit them, carrying their offerings chiefly to
Cozumel, as holy places, and when they could not go, they sent them.”
In another place this author states that “they had the habit then of
throwing into this well living men as sacrifices to their gods in
time of drought, and they thought that these would not die, though
they never saw them again. They used also to throw precious stones
and the things they most prized. Just on the brink of the well is a
small building where I found all kinds of idols in honor of all the
gods of the land.”[82] Casares adds: “What Landa, Cogolludo, and all
other writers had narrated from mere hearsay, one of the distinguished
members of the [American Antiquarian] Society, Mr. E. H. Thompson,
has had the satisfaction to realize, bringing to light the truth of
these statements, by diligent and intelligent work, the results of
which I will not mention, as that grateful and honorable task belongs
exclusively to him.”[83]
Holmes wrote in 1895 of the sacred cenote as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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