Twenty Centuries of ParisSmith, Mabell S. C. (Mabell Shippie Clarke)
History
Twenty Centuries of Paris
Smith, Mabell S. C. (Mabell Shippie Clarke)
Paris (France) -- History
Internal dissensions grew sharper. The extremists made use of the
lawless Paris rabble against the more moderate element and a number of
prominent Girondists were seized and plunged into the Conciergerie only
to leave it to march singing to the guillotine. Marat’s death by the
knife of Charlotte Corday could not stay the turmoil.
There were grades of radicalism even among the extremists. The most
advanced struck at the very basis of social agreement. Religion they
declared out of date and substituted the worship of Reason. The Goddess
of Reason, a dancer, they installed with her satellites in the most
sacred part of Notre Dame, Saint Eustache became the Temple of
Agriculture, Saint Gervais the Temple of Youth, Saint Étienne-du-Mont
the Temple of Filial Piety, Saint Sulpice the Temple of Victory. Other
sacred buildings were put to more practical uses--the Convent of the
Cordeliers became a medical school, the Val-de-Grâce a military
hospital, Saint Séverin a storehouse for powder and saltpeter, Saint
Julien, a storehouse for forage, the Sainte Chapelle a storehouse for
flour.
The observation of Sunday as a day of rest was abolished, and men and
animals died of fatigue. Many churches were closed, for “We want no
other worship than Liberty, Equality and Fraternity,” cried the
radicals.
Robespierre of a sudden took a stand against such a display of
irreligion, probably that he might have yet another accusation to bring
against his enemies. To replace the Cult of Reason he established with
grotesque rites a Worship of the Divine Being, acting himself as the
high priest. The ceremony took place in the Tuileries Garden where there
is still standing the stone semicircle built for the occasion.
Robespierre was adorned with a blue velvet coat, a white waistcoat,
yellow breeches and top boots and he carried a symbolic bouquet of
flowers and ears of wheat. After he had made a speech there were games
and the burning of effigies of Atheism, Selfishness and Vice.
Destruction and change reigned. Churches were mutilated if the statue of
some ancient saint wore a crown; the relics of Sainte Geneviève were
burned on the Grève; the Academies were suppressed; no street might be
named after a saint; no aristocrat might keep the _de_ of his name.
The very calendar was altered, the new year beginning on September 22,
1792, which was the first day of the Year I of the Republic.
The division of the year into twelve months was unaltered, but instead
of weeks each month was divided into three decades of ten days each.
This necessitated the addition at the end of the twelfth month of five
extra days so that the new calendar might agree with that used by other
peoples. These days were called by the absurd name, _Sansculottides_.
The months were given names made appropriate by the season or the
customary weather. They were:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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