Twenty Years of Congress, Vol. 1: From Lincoln to Garfield, with a Review of the Events Which Led to the Political Revolution of 1860Blaine, James Gillespie
History
Twenty Years of Congress, Vol. 1: From Lincoln to Garfield, with a Review of the Events Which Led to the Political Revolution of 1860
Blaine, James Gillespie
United States -- History; United States -- History -- 1865-1898
The platform of principles enunciated by the convention was just
what the South desired and demanded. The entire interest centred
in the slavery question. Indeed, the declarations upon other issues
were not listened to by the delegates, and were scarcely read by
the public. Without a dissenting voice the convention resolved
that "all efforts of the Abolitionists or others to induce Congress
to interfere with questions of slavery or to take incipient steps
in relation thereto, are calculated to lead to the most alarming
and dangerous consequences." The Compromise measures, including
the fugitive-slave law, which was specially named, were most heartily
indorsed, and were regarded as an adjustment of the whole controversy.
By way of indicting how full, complete, and final the settlement
was, the convention with unrestrained enthusiasm declared that "the
Democratic party will resist all attempts at renewing, in Congress
or out of it, the agitation of the slavery question, under whatever
shape or color the attempts may be made." Among the men who joined
in these declarations were not a few who had supported Van Buren
and Adams in the canvass of 1848. One of the prominent officers
of the convention was the author of many of the most extreme anti-
slavery declarations put forth at Buffalo.
WHIG NATIONAL CONVENTION.
The Whigs met at Baltimore a fortnight after the Democratic convention
had adjourned. The slavery question, upon which the Democrats of
all shades had so cordially coalesced, was to the Whigs a dividing
sword. Mr. Fillmore was a candidate, supported with almost entire
unanimity by the Southern Whigs. Mr. Webster was a candidate, and
though in his fear for the Union he had sacrificed more than any
other man for the South, he could secure no Southern support.
General Scott was a candidate, and though born and reared in
Virginia, he was supported by anti-slavery Whigs of every shade in
the North, against the two men of Northern birth and Northern
associations. On the first ballot, Fillmore received 133 votes,
Scott 131, Webster 23. Fillmore received every Southern vote,
except one from Virginia given to Scott by John Minor Botts. Scott
received every Northern vote except twenty-nine given to Webster,
and sixteen given to Fillmore. The friends of Mr. Webster, and
Mr. Webster himself, were pained and mortified by the result.
Rufus Choate was at the head of the Massachusetts delegation, and
eloquently, even passionately, pleaded with the Southern men to
support Mr. Webster on a single ballot. But the Southern men
stubbornly adhered to Fillmore, and were in turn enraged because
the twenty-nine votes thrown away, as they said, on Mr. Webster,
would at once renominate the President in whose cabinet Mr. Webster
was at that moment serving as Premier. This threefold contest had
been well developed before the convention assembled, and one feature
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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