Crime -- Great Britain; Criminals -- Great Britain; Executions and executioners; Tyburn gallows (London, England)
In February, 1696, came to a head “the Assassination Plot,” the most
dangerous of all the Plots formed against William III. The King was,
according to custom, to go to hunt in Richmond Park on February 15.
Advantage was to be taken of this to assassinate him. For some reason he
did not go, and the execution of the scheme was deferred. But meanwhile
one of the conspirators gave information to the Government. Numerous
arrests were made, followed by trials and executions. On March 18 Robert
Charnock, Edward King, and Thomas Keys were executed at Tyburn. They
were followed on April 3 by Sir John Friend and Sir William Perkins.
The populace of London flocked to Tyburn in numbers exceeding all
precedent to witness the execution of Friend, found guilty by the Court
of high treason, and by the people of a crime that touched them more
nearly—the brewing of execrable beer. Three non-juring divines attended
the condemned men to the scaffold, Jeremy Collier, and two of less note,
Shadrach Cook and William Snatt, who absolved the criminals “in a manner
more than ordinarily practised in the Church of England.” For this Cook
and Snatt were committed to Newgate. Macaulay says that they were not
brought to trial. It appears, however, that they were actually indicted,
and found guilty of high crimes and misdemeanours (Luttrell, iv. 80)
and imprisoned for a short time. Collier kept out of the way, and was
in consequence outlawed, remaining under the sentence to the end of his
days. Numerous tracts were written on the subject.
On April 29 Brigadier Rookwood, Charles Cranburne, and Major Lowick were
executed at Tyburn, they also having been condemned for the Plot.
This completes the story of the executions at Tyburn for the
Assassination Plot, but it is impossible to refrain from mentioning
a case dismissed by Macaulay in a sentence referring to “Major John
Bernardi, an adventurer of Genoese extraction, whose name has derived a
melancholy celebrity from a punishment so strangely prolonged that it at
length shocked a generation which could not remember his crime.” It is
hardly fair to call Bernardi an adventurer. Apart from this, the reader
would certainly not gather from Macaulay’s remark that no crime was ever
proved against Bernardi. In writing of a shocked generation the historian
probably referred to some very mild remarks of Dr. Johnson, in his
“Life of Pope.” Pope wrote an epitaph on Secretary Trumball, who, from
his official position, took a leading part in persuading Parliament to
consent to the imprisonment of Bernardi. The concluding lines of Pope’s
epitaph are:—
Such this man was, who, now from earth remov’d
At length enjoys the liberty he lov’d.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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