U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Marine Air in turn warned of a build-up of Communist troops and
equipment in the vicinity of Haengju and Hill 125, directly across
the Han from 2/5’s position north of Kimpo. East of the airfield, the
enemy was withdrawing from the 5th Marines’ zone toward Yongdungpo,
using the Hill 118 area as an intermediate rallying point. Moreover,
interrogation of two NKPA officers captured near Kimpo disclosed that a
Communist regiment was already committed to the defense of Yongdungpo.
Since this large industrial suburb of Seoul rambled across the 1st
Marines’ path to the Han, Colonel Puller knew well in advance that
trouble lay ahead of his regiment.
Further evidence that storm clouds were gathering over the highway came
from a number of sources in Sosa. Informants were almost unanimous
in their predictions that the approaches to Yongdungpo would be sown
liberally with land mines.
VMF-214, which provided effective close air support for the 1st
Marines’ attack through Sosa, reported destroying huge enemy stockpiles
hidden in and around buildings on the sand spit between Yongdungpo and
Seoul. The squadron also sighted six enemy tanks far beyond Marine
lines and killed two of them with direct napalm hits. Its sister unit,
VMF-323, likewise scoured the Division front and radioed similar
findings to Tactical Air Control.
Other reports from scattered sources placed approximately 3,000 North
Koreans in Seoul--with more on the way. Air spotters noted heavy
traffic south from the 38th Parallel and north from the Suwon area.
Tanks, troops, and vehicles from the latter not only were heading
for the capital but also were veering off toward Yongdungpo and the
Division right flank.
Thus, the Marines faced the possibility of major interference from:
(1) the Kumpo Peninsula; (2) the Haengju locale on the north bank
of the Han; (3) the area around Hill 118 between Kimpo Airfield and
Yongdungpo; (4) Yongdungpo itself; (5) Seoul; and (6) the direction
of the Division’s right (southeastern) flank. Strangely enough for an
enemy who was at his best with the artful dodge, only the two flank
threats failed to measure up to expectations.
The North Koreans gave a preview of the changing picture on the
afternoon of 18 September when, at 1415, the first shells of a
sustained mortar barrage crashed into 3/1’s positions on Hill 123.
During the next hour, 120mm eruptions traced accurate paths back and
forth along the ridge, and 30 Marines were cut down by the whirring
fragments. Moving through the explosions with near-miraculous immunity,
the 3d Battalion’s senior medical officer, Lieutenant Robert J.
Fleischaker, (MC) USN, remained fully exposed to the barrage while
administering to the wounded. “He never thought of his own safety
when men needed his services,” commented Lieutenant Colonel Ridge.[280]
[280] Myers interv, 1 Feb 55; Ridge memo, 13 May 55.
[Illustration: GENERAL SITUATION
18 SEPTEMBER]
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