U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Note that the total of 2,774 combat sorties includes 38
flown by two aircraft of VMF-312, which began operating
from Kimpo nine days before the rest of the squadron
arrived.
“No enemy air operations of any significance were encountered,” stated
the TAC X Corps report. “Some enemy antiaircraft fire from light to
moderate was encountered. Most of this AA fire was of small caliber.”
Eleven Marine planes (not counting VMO-6 aircraft) were shot down by
NKPA ground forces. Six pilots and a crewman were killed in action and
two pilots wounded.
As an example of the types of missions, the 326 combat sorties flown
by VMF-322 fell into these categories: close air support, 163;
reconnaissance, 99; rescue cover, 18; deep support, 17; helicopter
escort, 8; photo escort, 6; combat air patrol, 6; tactical air control,
4; leaflet, 2; R4D escort, 2; message drop, 2. In addition, the
squadron was credited with 151 noncombat sorties.
There could be no question that Marine close air support had won
the esteem of Army infantry units. Generals Harris and Cushman were
the recipients of many spontaneous comments of appreciation from
individuals as well as formal endorsements. (See Appendix L for the
record.)
On the other hand, the Marines had cause to be grateful for the deep
support and interdiction strikes provided by the Naval fast carrier
planes of JTF-7 in combination with the Fifth Air Force, which was
committed primarily to the support of the Eighth Army in South Korea.
During the first two weeks of September, JTF-7 had responsibility
for the gradual isolation of the Inchon target area by means of air
operations conducted as far as 150 miles north of the objective and 100
miles to the south.
The air defense of our forces at sea and in the Inchon area, and the
air interdiction operations of the first five or six days of the
landing--these were carried out largely by Naval air effort under
Commander JTF-7. Mutual assistance between JTF-7 and the Fifth Air
Force was provided for, with coordination being achieved by the
delineation of areas for each.[473]
[473] VAdm A. D. Struble ltr to authors, 3 May 55.
VMO-6, under the control of the 1st Marine Division and administration
control of MAG-33, completed a total of 643 helicopter and OY flights
in 515 hours. Of the 139 seriously wounded men evacuated by helicopter
from the firing line, a large proportion owed their lives to the
speed and ease with which they were transported to the hospital. The
helicopters also were credited with twelve rescue missions of friendly
pilots shot down behind the enemy lines.[474]
[474] 1st MarDiv _SAR_, Annex William William.
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