U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Admiral Joy declared that the success of the Inchon assault depended
on the employment of Marines trained in amphibious techniques; and
he called upon Smith for his opinion. The Marine general said that
a hastily instructed unit could not be expected to take the place
of a combat-experienced regiment in the Landing Force, and that
last-minute substitutions of this sort could not be made in complicated
ship-to-shore landings without courting trouble. He added that it would
be necessary in such an event to land in column on one beach instead
of two, with the 1st Marines in advance of the 32d Infantry. These
comments had the support of Doyle, who agreed that the availability of
the 5th Marines might mean the difference between success and failure
at Inchon.
At this point Admiral Struble commented that the issue boiled down to
the need for a mobile Eighth Army reserve. He suggested as a compromise
that a regiment of the 7th Infantry Division be embarked and moved
to Pusan as a floating reserve to be landed in an emergency as a
substitute for the 5th Marines. This solution was accepted. Almond
called up Eighth Army Headquarters immediately, and within an hour
Wright telephoned to inform Smith that the Brigade would be relieved at
midnight on 5 September.[98]
[98] O. P. Smith, _Notes_, 74–80. _Chronicle_, 31 Aug-3 Sep
50; Forney _Special Rpt_, II, 4.
As it turned out, the 17th Infantry of the 7th Infantry Division was
embarked and transferred to Pusan to substitute for the 5th Marines,
with Marine officers of Training Team Able assisting in the outloading.
After the amphibious assault, the regiment landed administratively at
Inchon to rejoin its parent unit.
_Naval Gunfire and Rockets_
At a conference on 1 September called by Admiral Struble and attended
by Admirals Richard W. Ruble, John M. Higgins, and Sir William G.
Andrewes (RN)[99] in addition to Generals Ruffner and Smith, it was
tentatively agreed that the cruisers would begin the bombardment on the
morning of D-minus 1, and the destroyers that afternoon after a napalm
air strike had been conducted against Wolmi-do on D-minus 4.
[99] See Appendix E for Naval Task Organization giving
components, ships, and commanders of JTF-7.
At another naval gunfire conference two days later, the napalm strike
was delayed until D-minus 3. On 8 September, when Admiral Struble held
his final meeting, PhibGru One and the 1st Marine Division agreed
on the scope and timing of naval gunfire support. It was decided,
therefore, that the bombardment would commence on D-minus 2 and be
repeated if necessary on D-minus 1.[100]
[100] O. P. Smith, _Notes_, 72–74.
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