U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
The heavy undergrowth gave concealment to the enemy, though it also
offered footholds to the Marines scrambling up the steep and icy
slopes. Air strikes were laid down just ahead of them, blasting the
Chinese with bombs, rockets, and 20mm fire. Artillery support, however,
was limited by the relative blindness of the forward observer in the
brush, but mortars succeeded in knocking out several enemy positions.
How Company’s attack had come to a standstill because of casualties
which included Lieutenant Harris. First Lieutenant Eugenous M.
Hovatter’s Able Company regained the momentum, thanks to the efforts of
First Lieutenant Leslie C. Williams’ 1st Platoon. Aided by How and by
Baker, which was committed late in the afternoon, Able Company secured
Hill 1419 about 1930. Thus the jump-off point for the 1/7 advance
across the mountain tops had been seized.
After setting up hasty defenses, Davis directed that all dead and
wounded be evacuated to 3/5’s aid station on the road. How Company
was attached to his battalion by order of Colonel Litzenberg, since
all units had been thinned by casualties. Then the battalion tail was
pulled up the mountain and the last physical tie broken with other
Marine units in the Yudam-ni area.[518]
[518] 3/7 _SAR_, n. p.; R. G. Davis narrative, 11 Jan 53;
Fridrich interv, 21 Apr 56; CO 7thMar msg to CG
1stMarDiv, 1935 1 Dec 50; LtCol R. G. Davis interv by
Capts K. W. Shutts and A. Z. Freeman, 6 Apr 51; Maj E. M.
Hovatter Comments, 19 Jul 56.
The Marines had seized the initiative, never again to relinquish it
during the Chosin Reservoir campaign.
_March of 1/7 Over the Mountains_
Planning at the battalion level was done by Davis, his executive
officer, Major Raymond V. Fridrich, and his S-3, Major Thomas B. Tighe.
It was decided to take only two of the 81mm mortars and six heavy
machine guns. They were to be manned with double crews, so that enough
ammunition could be carried to keep them in action.
Pack-set radios (AN/GRC-9) were to provide positive communications
in case the portable sets (SCR-300) would not reach to the Yudam-ni
perimeter. The artillery liaison officer was to carry a pack set
(SCR-610) to insure artillery communication.[519]
[519] This section, except when otherwise noted, is based on
Davis narrative; Litzenberg interv, 27–30 Apr and 10 Jul
51; Fridrich interv, 21 Apr 56; R. G. Davis interv, 6 Apr
51; and Capt W. J. Davis interv, 4 Jun 56.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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