U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Corps orders of 2 November called for 2/1 to return to Wonsan
immediately. The southern boundary of X Corps was to be moved 70 miles
farther south, effective on the departure of the battalion from Kojo.
In order to cover the new zone, the KMC regiment had already been
detached from the 1st Marine Division and given responsibility for the
Corps zone south of the 39th Parallel. The relief of the 2d Battalion
of the 5th Marines was completed by KMC elements that same day at
Anbyon, eight miles southeast of Wonsan, thus freeing that unit for a
motor lift northward to rejoin its regiment.[157]
[157] 1stMarDiv _POR_ 98; CG X Corps msg X11890; X Corps 01 14,
29 Oct 50; X Corps _OI_ 16, 31 Oct 50; CG 1stMarDiv ltr
to CO 1stMar, 31 Oct 50; CG 1stMarDiv msg to 1stMar, 1803
2 Nov 50.
Lieutenant Colonel Sutter’s 2/1 and the artillery battery departed Kojo
the following day. A small train and a truck convoy sent from Wonsan
were used chiefly for the transport of supplies, and most of the troops
traveled by shanks’ mare. The column was on the way when the report
came that the rail line had been blown up at Anbyon by guerrillas.
The battalion halted there and set up a perimeter for the night which
included both the train and truck convoys. At 0730 in the morning the
convoys moved out again for Wonsan. Delayed slightly by another rail
break, Sutter completed the movement at noon.[158]
[158] 1stMar _URpt_ (_S-3_) 8; CO 1stMar msg to 2/1, 1825 2 Nov
50; S-3 1stMar tel to G-3 1stMarDiv, 1800 3 Nov 50; 2/1
msg to 1stMar, 1820 3 Nov 50; 2/11 _SAR_, 14–15; Sutter
Comments.
The track-blowing incident gave evidence that the Marines must deal
with a third type of enemy. In addition to the NKPA remnants, and the
forces of Red China, it now appeared that account must be taken of
thousands of uprooted Koreans prowling in small bands for food and
loot--the flotsam of a cruel civil war. Called guerrillas by courtesy,
they were actually outlaws and banditti, loyal to no cause. And by
virtue of their very furtiveness, they were capable of doing a great
deal of mischief to organized forces.
CHAPTER IV
Majon-ni and Ambush Alley
_Marine Units Tied in for Defense--Political Aspects of Mission--Roads
Patrolled by Rifle Companies--Air Drop of Supplies Requested--First
Attack on Perimeter--KMC Battalion Sent to Majon-ni--Movement of 1st
Marines to Chigyong_
From a distance the Y-shaped mountain valley, encircled by peaks and
crossed by two swift, clear streams, might have been taken for a scene
in the Alps. This impression was borne out by the village of Majon-ni,
which nestled close to the earth, as seen from afar, with the tranquil
and untroubled air of a Swiss hamlet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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