U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
[254] Unless otherwise noted, the material in this section
is derived from: CG, 1stMarDiv, _Info for CG, FMFPac_;
1stMarDiv ComdD, Oct 52; 1stMarDiv PIRs 706–736, dtd 1–31
Oct 52; 7thMar ComdD, Oct 52; LtCol Robert D. Heinl, Jr.
memo to Dir, MarCorHist, HQMC, dtd 28 Oct 52, Subj: Notes
on 7th Marines’ Action (Defense of “The Hook”), 26–27 Oct
52, hereafter Heinl, _memo_.
After the heavy fighting in early October, there was a change in the
1st Marine Division dispositions. On the 12th, the 5th Marines relieved
the 1st in the center sector and the latter regiment went into reserve.
For the next two weeks the lull that prevailed across the regimental
front was in sharp contrast to the intense fighting there earlier
in the month. On the division left, the Korean Marines, not engaged
in any sizable Communist action, conducted frequent tank-infantry
reconnaissance patrols and ambushes forward of their MLR. In the
center of the division line the 5th Marines, too, found their Chinese
opponent seemingly reluctant to pursue any combat offensives, though
his harassment of the Bunker Hill area represented the strongest action
against the Marine division at this time. The 7th Marines, holding
down the right sector, similarly encountered the enemy for only brief
periods, these contacts during patrol actions lasting no more than 15
to 30 minutes.
Upon its relief from the MLR, the 1st Marines took over the division
rear area. There the regiment continued the improvement of the
secondary defensive lines, conducted extensive training, and dispatched
numerous security patrols throughout the regimental area. These
routine reserve roles were in addition to the primary mission of
augmenting units on the Marine MLR in order to counterattack and defeat
any attempted penetration of JAMESTOWN in the division area. As part
of its counterattack mission, the divisional reserve regiment was to
be prepared for employment anywhere in the I Corps sector to block an
enemy advance.
On the division right, the 7th Marines remained on position in defense
of JAMESTOWN. Following the bitter outpost contests on 6 October,
Colonel Moore continued to retain all three battalions on line: 2/7
on the left, 3/7 in the center, and 1/7 on the right. The regimental
commander had found it necessary to commit his three battalions on line
due to the vastly overextended six-mile front, the rugged terrain,
and the very real possibility of a major Communist attack anywhere
along the MLR. With all battalions forward, Colonel Moore was left
with a very small reserve, one company from 3/7. This battalion had to
use as its reserve what had become known as “clutch platoons”--units
composed of cooks, bakers, clerks, motor transport, and other
Marine headquarters personnel. These local reserves, and even the
reserve company from 3/7, could be employed only with the regimental
commander’s approval.
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