Rhea letter to General Jackson, 261. Rhode Island, opposes changes in the Articles of Confederation, 6; paper money craze, 18-19; out of the new Union, 44; ratifies the Constitution, 55; and the Hartford Convention, 224. Right of deposit at New Orleans, 87; withdrawn, 148. Roane, Spencer, resists judgment in the case of Martin _v._ Hunter's Lessee, 336; attacks the federal judiciary, 338-39. Robertson, James, 14, 68. Rodgers, John, 201, 202. Rose, George, 186-87. Rule of 1756, 76-77, 179-80. Rush, Benjamin, Minister to England, 259; Canning's overtures to, 294. Russell, Jonathan, commissioner at Ghent, 227. Russia, offers to mediate in 1813, 227; and the Holy Alliance, 291; and intervention, 292; claims on the Pacific Coast, 293; concludes the Treaty of 1824, 296. Rutgers _v._ Waddington, 4. Rutledge, John, 54. St. Clair, Arthur, Governor of Northwest Territory, 14; defeated by the Indians, 70. San Lorenzo, Treaty of, 87. Santo Domingo, negro republic, 146; resists French expedition, 146-47. Scioto Company, land grants to, 11-12. Scott, Winfield, 220. Sedition Act, prosecutions under, 114. Seminole War, 260-262. Sevier, John, 15, 68. Shaker Societies, 302. Shays' Rebellion, 20-22. Shipping, of the United States, during the European wars, 124, 126; after the Treaty of Ghent, 234. Simcoe, J. G., 80. Slater, Samuel, 124. Slavery, debated in Congress, 270-271, 277; in Missouri, 270; extent in 1789, 271-272; decrease in North, 272; recognized by the Constitution, 272-73; congressional legislation on, 273-74; and the Missouri Compromise, 277. Slave trade, acts relating to, 273; extent of, 273; forbidden by the Act of 1807, 273-74; extent of, after 1808, 274. Smith, Joseph, 302. Smith, Robert, 140, 198. Smith, William, 105. Somers, Richard, 145. South, effect of cotton gin upon, 250; extention of cotton growing in, 251-52; becomes the market for Northwest, 252-53. South American republics, recognition of, 289-91. South Carolina, ratifies the Constitution, 41. Southwest, colonization of, 14-15, 249-52; commerce of, 15-16; a frontier society, 251-52; diverges from Northwest, 252. Spain, disputes the line of 1783, 16-17; in the Southwest, 68, 70; concludes Treaty of San Lorenzo, 87; withholds posts, 97; cedes Louisiana to France, 146; retains the Floridas, 159; menaced by the United States, 170-72; threatens hostilities, 173-74; in East Florida, 260; protests against Jackson's invasion, 262; cedes the Floridas to the United States, 264; loses her American colonies, 289-90; invaded by France, 292. Specie payment, suspension of, 239; resumption of, 240-41. Speculation, in Western lands, 10-12, 26-27; in government paper, 58; in bank stock, 63-64. Squatter, the, 251-52. State banks, increase of, 239; notes of, 266. Steamboat, on Western waters, 253-54.