Nevertheless, it was many years ere this particular period of Uruguay's strenuous vicissitudes came to an end. The year 1851 marked one of the numerous dawns in the fortunes of the land. Then an alliance was concluded between Uruguay and Brazil, while the famous General Urquiza, revolting against the Buenos Aires tyrant, brought the forces of Entre Rios to join the league that was now formed against Rosas. The result was the Battle of Monte Caseros, in which the combined forces made an end to the dictator's power, and caused him to flee to Europe. The soil of Uruguay was once again free from hostile troops. During the fleeting period of peace that followed, it is necessary to take leave of two of the three Orientales who had ridden to such purpose on the breath of the whirlwind. A little more than two years after the Battle of Monte Caseras, Lavalleja died at Montevideo. In harness to the end, the liberator of his country ended his career just as he had once again been elected to take a share in its government. Three short months later Rivera followed his old comrade and enemy to the land where the cavalry lance is unknown and where no gunshot crashes echo. CHAPTER IX HISTORY--_continued_ Condition of Uruguay at the conclusion of the war against Rosas--Measures for the relief of poverty--Juan Francesco Giro elected President--The arising of antagonistic elements--Giro resigns in favour of Bernardo Berro--A revolution ends in the formation of a triumvirate--On the death of Lavalleja and Rivera, Flores becomes Dictator--Rebellion against his rule--Brazil sends an army to the assistance of General Flores--Further revolutionary movements--Manuel Basilio Bustamente succeeds Flores--The policy of General César Diaz--His exile and return at the head of an army--Defeat and death of Diaz--Two interim Presidents--Continuous civil war--General Flores enters the Republic in command of a strong force and is declared Dictator--The Paraguayan war--Causes of its outbreak--The policy and military strength of Paraguay--Strategic errors--Uruguay's share in the campaign--Flores returns to Montevideo from the seat of war--His assassination--General Lorenzo Batlle elected President--The continuance of political unrest--Various presidents and dictators--The Government of the present day--Don José Batlle y Ordoñez--Doctor Claudio Williman--The Uruguayan battle-fields in tabular form--Progress of the land.