Useful Knowledge: Volume 1. Minerals: Or, a familiar account of the various productions of natureBingley, William
History
Useful Knowledge: Volume 1. Minerals: Or, a familiar account of the various productions of nature
Bingley, William
Commercial products; Geology, Economic; Natural history
_It is found in beds, and in a massive state; is translucent at the
edges; and, when pounded, the powder feels soapy to the touch._
There are few stones likely to prove more valuable in ornamental
architecture, both for beauty and durability, than this. It admits of an
excellent polish, which is not easily injured by the effects of air or
water. It is also too hard to suffer the same inconveniences of being
scratched or broken as marble; and its colours are stated to be
indestructible. And such is the size of many of the blocks of
serpentine, that columns of almost any dimensions may be wrought out of
them.
Of the serpentine obtained from the Island of Anglesea, and lately known
by the name of _Mona marble_, a great proportion was sent to London by
Messrs. Bullock and Co. who, until the death of Mr. Bullock, had a large
warehouse and polishing rooms for it in Oxford─street. The prevailing
colours of this stone are red and green. The quarries were worked by
them to considerable extent. They manufactured it into chimney pieces,
slabs, columns, and other articles; and its great beauty, and its
excellence, in many respects, over the generality of marbles, will
recommend it strongly to the public notice.
The chief places in which serpentine has hitherto been found are near
Bareuth, and Zöblitz, in Saxony; in some districts of Cornwall; about
six miles west of the Paris copper mine, in the island of Anglesea; at
Portsoy, in Bamffshire, and other parts of Scotland; and at Cloghan Lee,
in the county of Donegal, Ireland.
At Zöblitz there are some extensive manufactories, in which serpentine
is made into vessels and ornaments of various shapes, that are carried
for sale over nearly all parts of Germany. Several hundred persons are
there employed in the working of this stone.
The name of serpentine is derived from some of the varieties appearing
coloured and spotted like a serpent’s skin. This stone, when found
intermixed with primitive limestone, or crystalline white marble,
differs in no respect from the celebrated _verde antique_ marble (149).
133. _POTSTONE, or LAPIS OLLARIS, is a greenish grey stone, unctuous to
the touchy and so soft when first taken from the quarry as to yield to
the pressure of the nail, yet not easily broken._
_It is found in a massive state._
In consequence of the softness and tenacity of this stone, it can be
turned upon a lathe, and otherwise cut and wrought with great ease.
Hence, in Egypt, Lombardy, Norway, and other countries where it is
found, it is formed into various kinds of culinary vessels and lamps,
which harden in drying, and are capable of withstanding the strongest
action of fire. Vessels of this description were known to the ancients;
and are particularly mentioned by Pliny, the Roman naturalist, who
speaks of some that were highly wrought being very valuable.
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