In countries where the arnatto shrubs are found, the _roots_ are employed by the inhabitants in broth; and they answer all the purposes of the pulp, though in an inferior degree. The _bark_ is occasionally manufactured into ropes; and pieces of the _wood_ are used by the Indians to procure fire by friction. 173. _The LIME or LINDEN-TREE is a British forest tree_ (Tilia europæa), _distinguished by its heart-shaped and serrated leaves of bright green colour, and by its berries or seed-vessels, having each four cells and one bud._ _The blossoms are whitish, in small clusters, and have a yellowish green floral leaf nearly as long as the fruit-stalk, and attached to it for about half its length._ No one can have passed a grove of lime-trees, in the month of July, without having been charmed with the perfume which, at this season, is emitted by the _flowers_. They are a great resort of bees, and supply those insects with materials for their best honey. Whether fresh or dried, they easily ferment, and a fine flavoured spirit may be distilled from them. The _wood_ is close-grained, though soft, light, and smooth. It is much used by carvers and turners; and is in great request for the boards of leather-cutters. When properly burnt it makes an excellent charcoal for gunpowder, and for painters. If the _bark_ be softened in water, the fibrous inner part may be separated: of this the Russians manufacture fishing-nets, mats, shoes, and rustic garments; and ropes and other cordage, made from it, are stated to be so remarkably strong and elastic, that, in this respect, they are superior to iron chains. In some countries the _leaves_ are dried as a winter food for sheep and goats; and, from these and the bark, a smooth but coarse brown paper may be manufactured. An inferior kind of sugar may be made from the _sap_; and the _seeds_, by pressure, yield a sweet and pleasant oil. The lime is an eligible tree to form shady walks and clipped hedges: but its leaves fall very early in the autumn. In rich soils it attains a prodigious size; and instances have been mentioned of these trees having existed during more than six centuries. 174. _TEA, both black and green, consists of the dried leaves of an evergreen shrub_ (Thea bohea _and_ Thea viridis, _of Linneus_, Fig. 49), _with indented and somewhat spear-shaped leaves and white flowers with six petals or more, which is much cultivated in China._ _The tea shrub attains the height of five or six feet, and is much branched. The leaves, when full grown, are about 1½ inch long, narrow, tapering, and of dark glossy green colour, and firm texture. The flowers are not much unlike those of the white wild rose, but smaller; and they are succeeded by a fruit about the size of a sloe, which contains two or three seeds._