Useful Knowledge: Volume 3. Animals: Or, a familiar account of the various productions of natureBingley, William
History
Useful Knowledge: Volume 3. Animals: Or, a familiar account of the various productions of nature
Bingley, William
Commercial products; Natural history; Zoology -- Popular works
It is to these, and some other animals nearly allied to them, that we are
indebted for the drug or perfume called _ambergris_. This is generally
found in the stomach, but sometimes in the intestines, and in lumps from
three to twelve inches in thickness, mixed with many substances very
different from itself, such as macerated vegetables, the remains of marine
shell-animals, the bones and other hard parts of fish; and the ambergris
itself frequently contains the beaks or jaws of different species of sepiæ,
or cuttle-fish. The latter are the cause of those yellowish, whitish, or
dusky spots that are often observable in this drug. As we see it in the
shops, ambergris is an opake substance, which varies in solidity, according
to its exposure to a warm or cold atmosphere. It is however, in general,
sufficiently hard to be broken. Its smell is extremely powerful and
agreeable to some persons, but unpleasant and even nauseous to others. When
first taken from the stomach or intestines of the animals which produce it,
ambergris is quite soft to the touch; and, as may well be conjectured from
the situation in which it is found, has a fetid and most disgusting smell;
but after it has, for some time, been exposed to the influence of the
atmosphere, it becomes harder, and yields the powerful and peculiar odour
by which it is characterized.
Oil, spermaceti, and ambergris, are supposed to be yielded in greater or
less quantity from every species of cachalot.
121. _The COMMON or TRUE DOLPHIN_ (Delphinus delphis) _is a cetaceous
animal nine or ten feet in length, with a row of large teeth in each jaw,
and a single orifice near the top of the head; an oblong and roundish
body, a fin on the back, and the snout narrow and pointed, having a broad
transverse band or projection of the skin on its upper part. The body is
black, with a bluish tinge above, and white below._
_Dolphins are found in nearly every part of the ocean._
Few animals have had greater celebrity than these. Their activity in
playing about near the surface of the ocean, their undulating motion, and
the evolutions and gambols of whole shoals of them together, occasionally
afford to mariners and others a very entertaining spectacle. By the ancient
Greeks and Romans dolphins were supposed to entertain a kind of friendship
towards mankind, and were consecrated to the gods. In cases of shipwreck
they were believed to be in waiting to rescue and carry on shore the
unfortunate mariners. Pliny, the Roman naturalist, was credulous enough to
believe that dolphins had been rendered so tame as to allow of persons
mounting on their backs, and being carried in safety over a considerable
space of sea. As these animals, in their progress through the water, often
assume a crooked form, in order to spring forward with the greater force,
both ancient and modern artists have depicted the dolphin with its back
curved.
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