“They do not make slaves of prisoners of war, except those that are
taken in battle, nor of the sons of their slaves, nor of those of other
nations: the slaves among them are only such as are condemned to that
state of life for the commission of some crime, or, which is more
common, such as their merchants find condemned to die in those parts to
which they trade, whom they sometimes redeem at low rates, and in other
places have them for nothing. They are kept at perpetual labour, and
are always chained, but with this difference, that their own natives
are treated much worse than others: they are considered as more
profligate than the rest, and since they could not be restrained by the
advantages of so excellent an education, are judged worthy of harder
usage. Another sort of slaves are the poor of the neighbouring
countries, who offer of their own accord to come and serve them: they
treat these better, and use them in all other respects as well as their
own countrymen, except their imposing more labour upon them, which is
no hard task to those that have been accustomed to it; and if any of
these have a mind to go back to their own country, which, indeed, falls
out but seldom, as they do not force them to stay, so they do not send
them away empty-handed.
“I have already told you with what care they look after their sick, so
that nothing is left undone that can contribute either to their ease or
health; and for those who are taken with fixed and incurable diseases,
they use all possible ways to cherish them and to make their lives as
comfortable as possible. They visit them often and take great pains to
make their time pass off easily; but when any is taken with a torturing
and lingering pain, so that there is no hope either of recovery or
ease, the priests and magistrates come and exhort them, that, since
they are now unable to go on with the business of life, are become a
burden to themselves and to all about them, and they have really
out-lived themselves, they should no longer nourish such a rooted
distemper, but choose rather to die since they cannot live but in much
misery; being assured that if they thus deliver themselves from
torture, or are willing that others should do it, they shall be happy
after death: since, by their acting thus, they lose none of the
pleasures, but only the troubles of life, they think they behave not
only reasonably but in a manner consistent with religion and piety;
because they follow the advice given them by their priests, who are the
expounders of the will of God. Such as are wrought on by these
persuasions either starve themselves of their own accord, or take
opium, and by that means die without pain. But no man is forced on this
way of ending his life; and if they cannot be persuaded to it, this
does not induce them to fail in their attendance and care of them: but
as they believe that a voluntary death, when it is chosen upon such an
authority, is very honourable, so if any man takes away his own life
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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