Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
INNERVATION.--One or more branches of the peroneal nerve enter the
lateral edge.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In four legs, the lateral branch of the
trifurcated tendon is not ossified at all.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In a few cases, the muscle does not come in
contact with M. peroneus brevis.
_P. p. jamesi_
DIFFERENCES FROM TYPICAL _T. pallidicinctus_.--The belly is shorter. The
lateral branch of the tendon on the tarsometatarsus is not ossified
(true also of some legs of _Tympanuchus_).
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In several legs, the muscle also arises from the
distal part of the posterior surface of the outer cnemial crest.
=_M. Peroneus Brevis_=, Figs. 14, 16, 17, 18, 19A
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Small; on lateral surface of distal
part of tibiotarsus; mainly anterior to fibula; bounded posteriorly and
laterally by M. flexor digitorum longus (fused with latter), anteriorly
by M. tibialis anticus, and anteromedially by M. extensor digitorum
longus (usually slightly fused to latter).
ORIGIN.--The muscle arises by fleshy and tendinous fibers from the
medial and anterior surfaces of the fibula beginning a short distance
below the distal end of the fibular crest and from the anterolateral
surface of the tibiotarsus anterior to the fibula; the anteromedial edge
attaches to the anterolateral intermuscular line.
INSERTION.--The short, slender, ossified tendon passes along the
anterolateral surface of the tibiotarsus and through a retinaculum
immediately proximal and anteromedial to the retinaculum for the
anterior branch of the tendon of M. peroneus longus; the tendon becomes
flexible and widens as it passes across the lateral surface of the
intratarsal joint deep to the tendon of M. peroneus longus, turning
posteriorly and attaching to the proximolateral corner of the
hypotarsus.
INNERVATION.--The superficial peroneal branch of the peroneal nerve
gives one or two twigs to the anterior surface of the proximal part.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In a few legs, the muscle does not come in
contact with M. extensor digitorum longus.
_P. p. jamesi_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance.
=_M. Extensor Hallucis Longus_=, Figs. 19E, 20N
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Slender and elongate; proximal part
on anterior surface of tarsometatarsus medial to anterior metatarsal
groove; near midlength of tarsometatarsus, muscle twisted onto medial
surface of latter; divisible into two heads--proximal and distal; belly
of proximal head (largest) ending at level of twisting onto medial
surface of bone; short distal head beginning at this point deep to
tendon of proximal head and soon joining latter tendon.
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