=Axillary foliar prolification of the flower.=--The formation of an adventitious leaf-bud in the axil of any of the parts of the flower is not of such common occurrence as the development of a flower-bud in similar situations, nor is it so frequent as median foliar prolification. I have seen leafy shoots proceeding from the axils of the sepals in the flowers of _Brassica_, and a similar occurrence has been noticed in _Caltha palustris_, _Herreria parviflora_, and other plants. Dr. Marchand's flowers of _Anagallis_, previously referred to at p. 117, showed good illustrations of this occurrence, as also some specimens described by Kirschleger in _A. phoenicea_.[134] Steinheil has figured and described[135] a flower of _Scabiosa_ in which there was an adventitious formation of leafy shoots in the axil of the outer calyx. In some flowers, such as _Convolvulus_, _Anemone_, &c., the exact nature of the sub-floral leaves is uncertain, _i.e._ it is open to doubt whether the organs in question are bracts or leaves pertaining to the inflorescence, or whether they are really parts of the flower. When leafy shoots are formed in the axils of such organs, the adventitious growth may be referred to extra-floral prolification, prolification of the inflorescence that is, or to axillary prolification, according to the view taken of the real nature of the sub-floral leaves. So far as the mere occurrence of prolification is concerned, it is not very material which view be adopted. The same remark applies to cases where leaf-buds occur on the outer surface of inferior ovaries, as in _Rosaceae_, _Pomaceae_, _Philadelphus_, or _Tetragonia expansa_, as elsewhere mentioned. It would seem more consistent with the general arrangements of parts, that the adventitious buds should be formed more frequently outside than within the flower proper. Knight[136] figures and describes the occurrence of small tubers or fleshy leaf-buds in the axils of the sepals of a potato, a curious illustration of the real morphological nature of the tuber. =Axillary floral prolification of the flower.=--As already stated, this is of more common occurrence than the formation of a leaf-bud in a similar situation. Any of the parts of the flower may thus subtend a flower-bud, though probably the new buds more frequently originate in the axils of the sepals than in the other whorls. In _Cruciferae_ the change in question is, relatively speaking, very common. In cauliflowers and broccoli I have frequently met with stalked flowers proceeding from the axils of the sepals, so also in some fuchsias I have seen a ring of stalked flower-buds alternating with the petals, which, together with the stamens and pistil, remained unaffected. The number of parts in the supernumerary structures is generally less than the normal flowers.