[125] The tube of the calyx in these specimens was traversed by ten ribs, apparently corresponding to the primary ridges of the normal fruit; these ribs were destitute of spines, and the bristly secondary ridges were entirely absent. Those portions of the carpels which were detached from the calyx had each three ribs, a central and two lateral ones, which appeared to be continuous with the ribs of the calyx below,--although in the case of the calyx there were ten, in the case of the carpels six ribs, three to each. This diversity in number is thus explained:--A circle of vascular tissue ran round the interior of the calyx-tube, at its junction with the limb, and at the point of insertion of the petals and stamens. The vascular circle seemed to be formed from the confluence of the ten ribs from below. Of the five ribs in each half of the calyx, the three central ones were joined together just at the point of confluence with the vascular circle, above which they formed but a single rib--that traversing the centre of the carpellary leaf; the two lateral ribs of each half of the calyx seemed to be continuous, above the vascular rim, with the lateral ribs of the carpel; these lateral ribs were connected on either side with the central one by short branches of communication. The disposition of the ten ribs may be thus represented:-- 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The lower line of figures represents the calycine ribs, the middle row shows how each of these ribs is divided at the vascular rim, and the uppermost row shows their distribution above the rim. From this it will be seen that six of the calycine ribs divide into three branches, one prolonged upwards as a lateral or median rib into the carpellary leaf, the other running horizontally to join with similar branches sent out from the neighbouring rib; the four intermediate calycine ribs divide into two branches only, which join the side branches of the first mentioned, but have no direct upward prolongation into the carpel. The ten ridges are placed opposite to the sepals and petals. [126] 'Neue Denkschriften der allgemeine Schweizerischen Gesellschaft,' band 5. 1841. tab. 2. [127] Bell Salter, 'Gard. Chron.,' March 13th, 1847, and 'Ann. Nat. Hist.,' 1847, vol. xix, p. 471. &c. [128] 'The Origin and Production of Proliferous Flowers, with the Culture at large for raising Double Flowers from Single, and Proliferous from the Double.' By J. Hill, M.D. London, 1759. [129] A. de Candolle, 'Neue Denkschriften,' op. cit., p. 9; also Unger as cited in 'Botanical Gazette,' May, 1351. p. 70. [130] Duchartre, op. cit. [131] 'Ann. Sc. Nat.,' 1844, vol. i, p. 297. [132] Maout, 'Lecons Elementaires de Botanique,' vol. ii. p. 488; Ferrari. 'Hesperides.' pls. 271, 315, 405. [133] Moquin-Tandon, loc. cit., p. 386, &c.; see also Trecul, in the 'Bull. Soc. Bot. France,' tom. i, p, 307.