Hesperis matronalis. Dianthus barbatus. Pyrus Malus. torminalis. Cercis siliquastrum! Punica Granatum. Robinia pseudacacia! Rubia tinctorum. Dipsacus fullonum! pilosus. Gmelini. Scabiosa arvensis. *Valeriana officinalis! dioica! Galium aparine! * Mollugo! verum! Hippuris vulgaris! Veronica spicata. longifolia. Hyssopus officinalis. Thymus Serpyllum. Lamium purpureum! Dracocephalum speciosum. Mentha aquatica. Mentha viridis. Fraxinus vulgaris! Sambucus nigra. Zinnia. Phylica. Beta. Rumex, sp. Ulmus campestris. Casuarina rigida. Abies excelsa! Lilium Martagon! candidum. *Asparagus officinalis! Sagittaria sagittifolia. Epipactis palustris. Triticum repens! Lolium perenne! Phleum pratense. Juncus conglomeratus! Scirpus lacustris. Equisetum Telmateia. limosum. fluviatile. arvense! Among the more important papers relating to this subject may be mentioned: Moquin-Tandon, 'El. Ter. Veg.,' p. 181. Kros, 'De Spira in plantis conspicua.' Morren, 'Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg.,' 1851, tom. xviii, part i, p. 27. Milde, 'Nov. Act. Acad. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur., 1839. Ibid., vol. xxvi, part ii, p. 429, _Equisetum_. Irmisch, 'Flora,' 1858, t. ii, _Equisetum_. Vrolik, 'Nouv. Mem. Instit. Amsterdam,' _Lilium_. Schlechtendal, 'Bot. Zeit.,' xiv, p. 69, et v, p. 66. De Candolle, 'Organ. Veget., t. i, p. 155, tab. xxxvi, _Mentha_, _&c._ Alph. de Candolle, 'Neue Denkschr. Allg. Schweiz. Gesellschft.,' band v, tab. vi, _Valeriana_. Duchartre, 'Ann. Sc. Nat.,' ser. 3, vol. i, p. 292. 'Gardeners' Chronicle,' July 5, 1856, p. 452, _c. ic. xylogr._, spiral branches from Guatemala--tree not known. =Spiral twisting of the leaf= is scarcely of so common occurrence as the corresponding condition in the stem. In _Alstroemeria_ it occurs normally, as also in some grasses. In the variety _annularis_ of _Salix babylonica_ the leaf is constantly coiled round spirally. A similar contortion occurs in a variety of _Codiaeum variegatum_ lately introduced from the islands of the South Seas by Mr. J. G. Veitch. Fern fronds are occasionally found twisted in the same manner, _e.g._ _Scolopendrium vulgare_ var. _spirale_.[362] =Adventitious tendrils.=--Under ordinary circumstances tendrils may be described as modifications of the leaf, the stipule, the branch, or of the flower stalk, so that it is not a matter of surprise to find tendrils occasionally springing from the sepals or petals, as indeed happens normally in _Hodgsonia_, _Strophanthus_, _&c._