Vegetable Teratology: An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of PlantsMasters, Maxwell T. (Maxwell Tylden)
Science
Vegetable Teratology: An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
Masters, Maxwell T. (Maxwell Tylden)
Plants -- Abnormalities
Some flowers are more liable to virescence than others. The common
honeysuckle, _Lonicera Periclymenum_, is one of these, and it is
noticeable in this plant that the calyx remains unaffected--a
circumstance which Morren says shows the distinctness of virescence from
frondescence; for, in this instance, we have the most foliaceous portion
of the flower remaining unchanged, while the corolla and other organs,
usually less leaf-like in their nature, assume a green colour; but this
may rather be attributed to the axial nature of the so-called adherent
calyx. The stamens in these green-flowered honeysuckles are usually
green also, but with abortive anthers, and the pistil also is in a
rudimentary condition. _Umbelliferae_ are not unfrequently subject to
this change, _e.g._, _Torilis Anthriscus_, _Daucus Carota_, _Heracleum
Sphondylium_, _Carum carui_, &c. _Primulaceae_, again, are frequently
subject to virescence. Among _Compositae_ the following species are
recorded as having had green flowers--_Cirsium tricephalodes_, _Senecio
vulgaris_, _Calendula officinalis_, _Pyrethrum Parthenium_, _Carduus
crispus_, _Hypochaeris radicata_, _Hieracium prealtum_, _Cirsium
arvense_, _Coreopsis Drummondi_.[375] In _Ranunculaceae_ virescence has
been observed in _Delphinium elatum_, _crassicaule_ and _Ajacis_,
_Anemone hortensis_ and _nemorosa_, _Aquilegia vulgaris_, _Ranunculus
Philonotis_.
Many of these cases, and others that might be cited, are probably
instances of frondescence or phyllody (see p. 241).
=Chromatism.=--This term is here intended to apply specially to those
cases in which any organ of a plant assumes a colour approximating to
that of the petals, or in which the normal green is replaced by tints of
some other colour. To a certain extent the change in question is the
same as that spoken of under the head of petalody (see p. 283), but
there are cases in which, while the ordinary situation and form are
those of leaves, the coloration is that of the petals. Such was the case
in the _Gesnera_ mentioned by Morren (see p. 88), and in which a leaf
occupied the position of an inflorescence, and became brightly coloured.
In tulips the presence of a highly coloured leaf on the flower-stalk,
below the flower, is not uncommon. So also the bracts or leaves below
the perianth in _Anemone coronaria_ and _hortensis_ not unfrequently
assume the coloration usually confined to the parts of the perianth. A
similar illustration has presented itself, as this sheet is passing
through the press, in which two of the leaflets of the compound leaf of
a rose were brightly coloured like the petals, the others being of
their ordinary green colour.
The occurrence of coloured bracts, as in _Poinsettia_, _Bougainvillea_,
&c., is very common under natural conditions, and need not here be
further alluded to.
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