Aconitum, sp. pl.! Cardamine impatiens. Cheiranthus Cheiri! Viola odorata! Cerastium vulgatum! Alsine media. Stellaria. Lychnis dioica! Dianthus barbatus, and other Caryophylleae. Helianthemum, sp.! Oxalis Acetosella. Balsamineae. Malpighiaceae. Rosa centifolia. arvensis! Crataegus! Medicago lupulina. Melilotus officinalis. Ononis minutissima. Saxifraga longifolia. Verbascum Thapsus. Ajuga iva. Teucrium Botrys. Lamium purpureum! amplexicaule. Polemonium caeruleum. Campanula, sp. pl.! Ruellia clandestina. Lonicera Periclymenum! Tradescantia, sp.! Hymenocallis. The following references apply some to apetalous and others to dimorphic flowers, but it must be remembered that the latter plants are not necessarily wanting in petals or stamens, &c., though the functional activity of the parts may be impaired: A. de Jussien, 'Monogr. Malpigh.,' pp. 82, 334. Torrey, 'Fl. New York,' i, p. 428. Hooker and Thomson, 'Journ. Linn. Soc.,' ii, p. 7, Guillemin, 'Archiv. de Botan.,' i, p. 412. Michalet, 'Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,' vii. p. 465. Mueller, 'Bot. Zeit.,' 1857, p. 729. 'Natural History Review,' July, 1862, p. 235. =Meiotaxy of the androecium.=--Complete suppression of the stamens occurs normally in the female flowers of unisexual plants, and, as an accidental occurrence, is not very uncommon. _Erica Tetralix_ is one of the plants in which this is said to happen. The variety _anandra_ is said to have been known in France since 1635. Cornuti speaks of it in his 'Enchiridion.' In 1860 M. du Parquet discovered it in peaty woods near Nangis (Seine et Marne). Many _Umbelliferae_, such as _Trinia vulgaris_, present a like deficiency, while it is of common occurrence among _Rosaceae_ and _Pomaceae_. In the latter group the St. Valery apple, so often referred to, is an illustration. To obtain fruits from this variety it is necessary to apply pollen from another flower, a proceeding made the occasion of festivity and rejoicing by the villagers in some parts of France. In some of the _Artemisias_, especially in _Artemisia Tournefortiana_, all the florets have been noticed to be female, owing to the suppression of the stamens, and this suppression is associated with a change in the form of florets.[482] Mr. Moggridge has communicated to the author flowers of _Thymus Serpyllum_ from a plant in which all the stamens were deficient, the flower being otherwise normal. M. Dupont has given a list of nineteen species of _Chenopodiaceae_ in which female flowers are occasionally produced, owing to the entire suppression of the staminal whorl.[483] Flowers the subjects either of regular or irregular peloria, _q. v._, are often destitute of some or all their stamens, _e.g._ _Calceolaria_, _Linaria_, _Viola_, &c., while in cases of synanthy suppression of some of the parts of the flower, and specially of the stamens, is of very common occurrence.