Art -- Italy -- Venice; Venice (Italy) -- Description and travel; Venice (Italy) -- History
Vasari’s accuracy has, however, been vindicated by the recent
publication[77] of Gustav Ludwig’s patient and conclusive researches,
which demonstrate (1) that Bonifazio Pasini of Verona (1489-1540), the
so-called Bonifazio I., could never have left Verona for any length of
time between 1515 and his death, and that nothing is now known of his
works: (2) that Bonifazio di Pitati of Verona (1487-1553), Morelli’s
Bonifazio II., came, a youth of eighteen, with his father, a soldier, to
settle in Venice in 1505; learned his craft at Palma Vecchio’s workshop;
married a basketmaker’s daughter; became one of the most famous painters
in Venice; in 1530 was commissioned to decorate the Palazzo de’
Camerlenghi (Treasury offices); and died, childless, in 1553, leaving
the work to be completed by Tintoretto, who for a period adopted
Bonifazio’s style: (3) that Bonifazio III. is a mere phantom of
Morelli’s imagination. Bonifazio, like all the successful painters of
the Renaissance, kept a large number of assistants and pupils to supply
the demands of his clients at home and abroad, himself executing the
more important parts of his productions, and supervising the work done
in his atelier. The paintings assigned to Bonifazio I., such as the Rich
Man’s Feast, number 291 in the Accademia, and the Virgin and Child with
SS. Omobono and Barbara in the Palazzo Reale, are those executed by
Bonifazio di Pitati’s own hand in the days before prosperity had
rendered personal execution of the whole of his work impossible. The
paintings attributed to Bonifazio II., such as the Woman Taken in
Adultery, No. 278 in the Accademia, the Massacre of the Innocents, and
the Fall, in the Palazzo Reale, works which betray a falling off in
vigour and firmness of drawing while retaining the old brilliancy of
colour, are those which were partly executed by his assistants. The
paintings allotted to Bonifazio III., feeble work, such as the Last
Supper in S. Maria Mater Domini, and most of the panels with figures of
two or more saints, of which the Accademia possesses so many examples,
were painted wholly by assistants during Bonifazio’s lifetime, or after
his death. Nearly the whole of those in the Accademia formerly
attributed to Bonifazio III., many of which have been post-dated owing
to a vicious theory of interpretation, were side panels painted for more
important central compositions in the Treasury Offices. The 1903
(Italian) edition of the official catalogue adopts Ludwig’s conclusions.
Bonifazio, who always signs himself “da Verona,” is an eminently
naturalistic painter. With perfect art he portrays for us the sensuous
magnificence of the Venetian patrician’s life: his luxurious home; his
well-nurtured body; his powerful, sagacious intellect; his love of the
country; his gorgeous costume; his pet animals; his ideal of female
beauty.
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