Art -- Italy -- Venice; Venice (Italy) -- Description and travel; Venice (Italy) -- History
Merely to name the subjects of the 40,000 square feet of mosaics in the
interior would weary the reader. We do but indicate the more important
and more interesting. The general scheme is designed to illustrate the
mysteries of the Christian faith and the story of the patron saint. Over
the main entrance is the oldest of the mosaics, probably an
eleventh-century work--Christ enthroned between the Virgin and St Mark.
In the book held by the Redeemer are the words in Latin, “I am the Door;
if any man enter by Me he shall be saved and find pasture.” A similar
inscription exists to this day over the Porta Basilica which opens into
the nave of St Sophia at Constantinople. In the half dome of the apse
the colossal seated figure of Christ in the act of blessing meets the
eye of the worshipper as he enters the church and walks towards the
sanctuary, even as it did in the apse at St Sophia.[90] In the centre of
the dome over the high altar is again the figure of Christ, and, above
the windows, the Virgin, and the prophets who foretold Christ’s coming,
bearing scrolls inscribed with their testimony. The pendentives bear
symbolic figures of the Four Evangelists, that of the Lion of St Mark
with a strangely human face, being designed with admirable force and
dignity. Scenes in the life of Christ are portrayed on the vault between
this and the central dome; the Passion and Resurrection on the vault
between the central and western domes. The great central dome is treated
with profound thought and fertile invention, and executed with infinite
care. In the apex is the glorified Christ seated on a double rainbow,
surrounded by exulting angels. Below are the Virgin, the Apostles and
the Evangelists alternating with olive and palm trees. The beautiful
figure of the Virgin stands between two angels. In the spaces between
the windows are the Virtues and the Beatitudes. They may easily be
distinguished by their inscriptions and symbols.
The W. dome treats of the Descent of the Holy Ghost. A white dove
standing on a book placed on a throne fills the centre, and from this
emblem of the Holy Spirit twelve streams of fire descend upon the
figures of the Twelve Apostles circling the dome. The men of every
nation to whom they spoke, each in his own tongue, are figured at the
Apostles’ feet between the windows.
In the dome of the N. transept is figured a Greek cross, in the centre
of which are eight Greek letters set in a circle, whose meaning is
doubtful. Near this centre, N. and S., is an alpha; E. and W., an omega.
On the arms of the cross the Golden Rule is expressed in a curious
rhyming Latin paraphrase, beginning on the E. and continuing on the W.,
N. and S. arms.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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