Rennie, Major S. J., case of bite of _Bungarus cæruleus_, 337. Reptiles, toxicity of blood in, 217. Respiratory centres, nerve-cell of, attacked by albumose of snake-venom, 162. _Rhinhoplocephalus_, 95. “ _bicolor_, 95. _Rhynchelaps_, 97. “ _australis_, 98. “ _bertholdi_, 97. “ _fasciolatus_, 98. “ _semifasciatus_, 98. Richards on fatal results of experimental ingestion of venoms, 180. Richet, C., congestin from _Anemone scultata_ prepared by, 270. “ thalassin, from _Anemone scultata_ prepared by, 269. Ringhals slang, 63. _See also Sepedon hæmachates._ River-jack viper, 73. _See also Bitis gabonica._ Rogers, Major L., experiments on action of venom on nervous centres, 186. “ “ researches of, on glands of snakes, 147. Romans, snake-charmers’ customs among, 228. “ “ “ “ Lucan on, 240. Roudot, Natalis, on Hindu snake-charmers, 229. Russell, on the venom of _daboia_ (_Vipera russellii_), 46. Sachs, on relation of toxins to antitoxins, 254. Salamandarin, 316. _See also_ Salamandrine. Salamander, Japanese, 317. _See also Cryptobranchus japonicus._ “ venom of, closely analogous to that of toad, 321. “ “ potency exaggerated by the ancients, 312. Salamanders and toads most dreaded by ancients, 312. _Salamandra atra_ (black salamander), 313. “ _maculosa_ (spotted salamander), 313, 314. Salamandridine prepared from venom of salamanders, 317. Salamandrine, prepared from venom of salamanders, 317. Saliva of _Heloderma horridum_ sometimes toxic, sometimes harmless, 323. “ venomous, of non-poisonous snakes, 214. Sangis, name of snake-charmers of Bengal, 229. São-Paulo (Brazil), laboratory for production of antivenomous serum at, 248, 252. Scales, arrangement of, on heads of poisonous snakes, 14, 15. _Scolopendra_, 280. _Scolopendridæ_, bite of, 281. _Scorpæna_, 288, 289, 293. “ poison-apparatus of, 294. “ _diabolus_, 293. “ _grandicornis_, 293. “ _porcus_, 294. _Scorpio occitanus_, 277, 278. Scorpion, blood of, antitoxic, 279. “ manner of stinging, 277. “ poison, 278. “ “ affinities with that of _Colubridæ_, 278. “ “ neurotoxin of, 278. _Scorpionidea_ (scorpions), 276. Sea-snakes, 131. See also Hydrophiinæ. “ (_Hydrophis_), venom from, 360. _Sepedon hæmachates_ (spitting snake or ringhals slang), 63. “ “ bite of, cure, 337. “ “ venom of, purulent ophthalmia discharged by spitting, 63, 64. “ “ “ “ “ caused by projection of, 62, 180. Serous membranes, local effects on, of cobra-venom, slight, 179. “ “ “ “ venoms of _Viperidæ_, severe, 179. Serph, collection of venom. 156. _Serranus_, 304. “ _ouatabili_, 304. Serum, antivenomous, antineurotoxic, 250, 251. “ “ “ potency against cobra-venom, 250, 251, 252. “ “ in treatment of bites of poisonous snakes, 326. “ “ “ yellow fever, 184. “ “ method for measuring power of, 256, 257. “ “ “ “ “ _in vitro_, 202.