Maxillary bones extending forwards as far as the palatines, with a pair of large grooved poison-fangs, followed by two or three small teeth; anterior mandibular teeth elongate, fang-like. Head distinct from the neck; eyes small, with vertically elliptic pupils; nostril in the upper part of a single nasal shield. Body stout, cylindrical. Scales more or less distinctly keeled, in 21-23 rows. Tail short, compressed at the end and terminating in a sort of long spine, turned upwards; anterior subcaudals in a single row, posterior in 2 rows. [Illustration: FIG. 60.--SKULL of _Acanthophis antarcticus_. (After G. A. Boulenger, _op. cit._)] _A. antarcticus_ (The Death Adder; fig. 61).--Supraocular shields often raised and angular, assuming the shape of little horns; scales on the crown of the head rugose and striated; 113-130 ventrals; 41-51 subcaudals (the last 5-27 are divided). Colour yellow-brown or reddish, with more or less distinct dark cross-bands; black spots or small dark bars on the lips; belly yellowish-white; end of tail yellow or black, covered with spiny scales. [Illustration: FIG. 61.--_Acanthophis antarcticus_ (The Death Adder).] Total length, 850 millimetres; tail 150. _Habitat_: Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia. (n) =Elapognathus.= Maxillary bones extending forwards as far as the palatines, with a pair of moderately large grooved poison-fangs; no other maxillary teeth; mandibular teeth subequal. Eyes moderate, with round pupils; nasal shield entire. Body cylindrical; scales smooth, in 15 rows; ventrals rounded; tail moderate; subcaudals in a single row. _E. minor._--Colour dark olive, with a black occipital blotch in the young; belly yellow or greenish-grey. Total length, 460 millimetres; tail 95. _Habitat_: South-west Australia. (o) =Rhynchelaps.= Maxillary bones extending forwards as far as the palatines, with a pair of moderately large grooved poison-fangs, and two small teeth near the posterior extremity of the bone; anterior mandibular teeth the longest. Head small, not distinct from the neck; eyes small, with vertically elliptic pupils; nostril in a single nasal shield. Body short, cylindrical; scales smooth, in 15-17 rows. Tail very short; subcaudals in 2 rows. (1) _R. bertholdi._--Scales in 15 rows; 112-126 ventrals. Colour yellow, with 19-40 black annuli, usually narrower than the interspaces; head brown, with a large black blotch on the nape, and another on the vertex and temples. Total length, 270 millimetres; tail 22. _Habitat_: Southern and Western Australia. (2) _R. australis_ (fig. 62).--Scales in 17 rows; 152-163 ventrals; 18-20 subcaudals. [Illustration: FIG. 62.--_Rhynchelaps australis._] Colour red on the body, with ill-defined cross-bars formed of yellowish black-edged scales; a black blotch on the head, covering the vertex and temples, and surrounding the eyes; another large blotch on the nape; snout and occiput yellow; belly white. Total length, 290 millimetres; tail 25.