{60} In the Cumbrian limestone occur “calamoporæ, lithodendra, cyathophylla, and orbicula.”—_Philips_. The asaphus and trinucleus (crustacea) have been found respectively in the slate rocks of Wales, and the limestone beds of the grawacke group in Bohemia. That fragments of crinoidea, though of no determinate species, occur in this system, we have the authority of Mr. Murchison.—_Silurian System_, p. 710. {62} Such as amphioxus and myxene. {64} Miller’s “New Walks in an Old Field.” {68} June, 1842. {84a} The principal families are named sphenopteris, neuropteris, and pecopteris. {84b} A specimen from Bengal, in the staircase of the British Museum, is forty-five feet high. {93} “Some of the most considerable dislocations of the border of the coal fields of Coalbrookdale and Dudley happened after the deposition of a part of the new red sandstone; but it is certain that those of Somersetshire and Gloucestershire were completed before the date of that rock.”—_Philips_. {97} The immediate effects of the slow respiration of the reptilia are, a low temperature in their bodies, and a slow consumption of food. Requiring little oxygen, they could have existed in an atmosphere containing a less proportion of that gas to carbonic acid gas than what now obtains. {99} The order to which frogs and toads belong. {103} Dr. Buckland, quoting an article by Professor Hitchcock, in the American Journal of Science and Arts, 1836. {108a} Murchison’s Silurian System, p. 583. {108b} Buckland. {110} In some instances, these fossils are found with the contents of the stomach faithfully preserved, and even with pieces of the external skin. The pellets ejected by them (_coprolites_) are found in vast numbers, each generally enclosed in a nodule of ironstone, and sometimes shewing remains of the fishes which had formed their food. {114} De la Beche’s Geological Researches, p. 344. {127} Thick-skinned animals. This term has been given by Cuvier to an order in which the hog, elephant, horse, and rhinoceros are included. {149} Intervals in the series were numerous in the department of the pachydermata; many of these gaps are now filled up from the extinct genera found in the tertiary formation. {151} See paper by Professor Edward Forbes, read to the British Association, 1839. {159} Macculloch on the Attributes of the Deity, iii. 569.