ACTIONS.--Irritant, emetic, astringent, antiseptic and nerve tonic. Externally it is used as stimulant, astringent and antiseptic; in dogs it is a prompt and efficient emetic, causes no depression and acts both on the stomach nerve centers; poisonous or long continued large doses in the horse dry up the secretions, cause nausea, colic and efforts to vomit; dogs cannot be poisoned by it as it causes vomiting. USES.--As a tonic it is inferior to iron; chief use is externally as an astringent; it is used in white lotion combined with lead acetate; sometimes used internally with opium to stop excessive sweating in frequent small doses. Used as a safe and prompt emetic for dogs and pigs. Externally in solution as an astringent and stimulant for wounds, ulcers, simple ophthalmia and irritable conditions of the mucous membrane of the uterus or vagina and urethra, vesicular and pustulant skin eruptions. Proper strength, one ounce to one quart of water in ophthalmia, one-half to one drachm to one pint of water. ZINCI CARBONAS PRAECIPITATUS--PRECIPITATED ZINC CARBONATE DERIVATION.--Solutions of nearly equal weight of sodium carbonate and zinc sulphate are boiled together; dry precipitate. This salt is in reality a mixture of zinc carbonate and oxide, in varying proportions, with water of crystallization. PROPERTIES.--An impalpable white powder, of somewhat variable chemical composition, without odor or taste; insoluble in water or alcohol. ZINCI OXIDUM--ZINC OXIDE DERIVATION.--Zinc oxide, may be prepared by exposing zinc carbonate to a dull red heat, or from metallic zinc by combustion. PROPERTIES.--An amorphous, white powder without odor or taste. Insoluble in water or alcohol. DOSE.--Horses and cattle, 1 to 2 dr.; sheep and pigs, 10 to 20 gr.; dogs, 5 to 10 gr. Not much used internally. PREPARATIONS UNGUENTUM ZINCI OXIDE--OINTMENT OF ZINC OXIDE Composed of zinc oxide, 200 parts; benzoinated lard, 800 parts. ACTIONS AND USES.--Used chiefly as a dusting powder for wounds and excoriated surfaces; used alone or conjoined with boric acid, subnitrate of bismuth, calomel or in the form of the zinc oxide ointment is desiccant, mildly astringent and protective; it is sometimes used in chorea, epilepsy and other nervous diseases; to check excessive sweating and in diarrhoea. Used extensively in wounds and diseases of the cow’s udder. ZINCI ACETAS--ZINC ACETATE DERIVATION.--Dissolve zinc oxide in diluted acetic acid and boil. Evaporate and crystallize. PROPERTIES.--Soft, white, six-sided monoclinic plates, of a pearly lustre, having a faintly acidious odor and an astringent metallic taste. Soluble in water and in alcohol. DOSE.--Same as zinc sulphate. ACTION AND USES.--The same as zinc sulphate; it is the acetate of zinc which is the soluble agent in white lotion, caused by the acetate of lead and sulphate of zinc changing their composition. ZINCI CHLORIDUM--ZINC CHLORIDE