English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Great Britain -- History -- Victoria, 1837-1901
If we dismiss these petty difficulties of manner, we shall find that
in their main construction the _Idylls_ present a life which is
very unlike that which is suggested by their detractors. The anæmic and
Gilbertian curates and schoolmarms who are supposed to people the poems
in a pleasant Sunday afternoon atmosphere have no being at all when
we come to examine the poems themselves. Taking Tennyson by himself,
without reference to Malory or any other source, we may surmise that
the men of the poems, the very Galahad and Lancelot and Bedivere and
Geraint of Tennyson’s creation, that is to say, would have displayed a
decision of character and a strength of arm that would shake some of
the long-eared critics out of their complacency and perhaps afford them
a little wholesome exercise. And if any one thinks that he could behave
by any but the strict rules of chivalry in the presence of Tennyson’s
Guinevere there is something amiss with his schooling. If no better
evidence can be advanced for Victorian effeminacy and prudery and
coxcombry than the _Idylls of the King_ the charge must go by the
board. Finally, in this respect we need hardly defend Tennyson because
he sometimes chooses to point a moral as well as to adorn a tale, as
when in the middle of the Enid story he breaks off with
O purblind race of miserable men,
How many among us at this very hour
Do forge a life-long trouble for ourselves,
By taking true for false, or false for true;
Here, thro’ the feeble twilight of this world
Groping, how many, until we pass and reach
That other, where we see as we are seen....
This practice has always been and will always remain a prerogative of
poetry and it is not purism but frivolity of intellect that objects to
it.
The actual poetic achievement of the _Idylls_ is very great. That
as a group they have no architectural unity is true, but they have
never professed such unity. As separate stories they are graphically,
and often very poignantly told, with innumerable touches of great
felicity. They are pervaded by Tennyson’s descriptive gift and yet
it is always closely woven into the imaginative texture and hardly
ever indulged (as it was often by even so great a poet as Swinburne,
for example) for its own sake. When Geraint comes to the town of the
sparrow-hawk where
In a long valley, on one side of which,
White from the mason’s hand, a fortress rose;
And on one side a castle in decay,
Beyond a bridge that spann’d a dry ravine:
And out of town and valley came a noise
As of a broad brook o’er a shingly bed
Brawling, or like a clamour of the rooks
At distance, ere they settle for the night....
the fortress is not merely an effective piece of decoration in the poem
but part of its essential life, just as in the shoal
Of darting fish, that on a summer morn
Adown the crystal dykes at Camelot
Come slipping o’er their shadows on the sand....
and when Geraint rides
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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