Villainage in England: Essays in English Mediaeval HistoryVinogradoff, Paul
History
Villainage in England: Essays in English Mediaeval History
Vinogradoff, Paul
Villeinage -- England -- History -- To 1500
It is to be noted especially, that although in a few cases a difference
is made between the division for royal assessment and for the manorial
impositions, in the great majority of cases no such difference exists,
and the duties in regard to the king and to the lord are reckoned
according to the same system of holdings. On the manors of Ely, for
instance, the 12 _acreware_[496] form the basis of all the reckoning of
rents and work. And so if the royal assessment appear with the features
of an artificial fiscal arrangement, the same observation has to be
extended to the manorial assessment; and thus we reach by another way
the same conclusion which we drew from an analysis of the single holding
and of its component parts. No doubt the whole stands in close relation
to the reality of cultivation and land-holding, but the rigidity,
regularity, and correctness of the system present a necessary contrast
to the facts of actual life. As the soil could not be made to fit into
geometrical squares, even so the population could not remain without
change from one age to the other within the same boundaries. Thus in
course of time the plough-land of 160 and 180 acres, which is the
plough-land of practical farming, appears by the side of the statutory
hide of 120 acres; and so again inside every single holding there comes
up the contrast between its real conformation and distribution, and the
outward form it assumed in regard to the king, the lord, and the
steward.
[Rules of inheritance.]
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