Farther towards the north, and at the distance of about ten leagues from _Cranganor_, lies _Triciur_, a town and district belonging to the Brahmans. They have here a celebrated academy, public and private schools; also an university, where young persons are instructed in their sciences, and the principles of their religion. This place was also destroyed by Tippoo Sultan; but rebuilt by the Brahmans, after Tippoo’s defeat. All these cities, towns and churches, are situated under the latitude of 10° north. On the sea-coast, in the latitude of 11° north, lies _Tannur_, formerly a city of considerable note, but at present a miserable village; and _Vaypur_, _Baypur_, or _Sultanpatnam_, a noble harbour, which Tippoo Sultan Bahader spared as much as possible, because he intended to establish here a considerable foreign trade. Large quantities of pepper, cardamoms, and sandal wood, began indeed to be carried hither from the eastern parts of the country; but, in the year 1773, when war broke out, and the roads by these means were rendered unsafe, the above plan was abandoned. On the east, towards the Gauts, lies the celebrated city and fortress of _Pàlacaticeri_. It is entirely built of hewn stone; has strong works, and in general is capable of making an obstinate defence. The garrison always consists of the flower of Tippoo Sultan’s troops. This fortress is situated on the borders of _Conoam_, and covers the passage to the coast of Malabar towards the mountains which separate Malayala and Maissur. The well-known city of _Calicut_, which has experienced such a variegated fate, lies also on the sea-coast, and in the latitude of 11° 15′ north. It consists partly of houses constructed of teka wood, and partly of huts composed of palm branches interwoven through each other, and covered with palm leaves. Of stone buildings there are very few. The fortress of Calicut is of much greater antiquity than the city to which it has given its name. The natives of Malabar believe that it was built by king _Ceramperumàl_, from whom all the petty Malabar princes are descended. This city was rased almost to the ground by Tippoo Sultan, who destroyed its flourishing trade; expelled from the country the merchants and factors of the foreign commercial houses; caused all the coco-nut and sandal trees to be cut down; and ordered the pepper plants in the whole surrounding district to be torn up by the roots, and even to be hacked to pieces, because these plants, as he said, brought riches to the Europeans, and enabled them to carry on war against the Indians.