Wanderings in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore, and China, Vol. 1 (of 2) : $b Being the journal of a naturalist in those countries, during 1832, 1833 and 1834Bennett, George
History
Wanderings in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore, and China, Vol. 1 (of 2) : $b Being the journal of a naturalist in those countries, during 1832, 1833 and 1834
Bennett, George
Asia -- Description and travel; Natural history -- Australia -- New South Wales; New South Wales -- Description and travel
The elegant drooping manna-trees (_Eucalyptus mannifera_) were numerous,
and at this season secreted the peculiar saccharine mucilaginous
substance called _manna_, which, in greater or less quantities, was
lying upon the ground beneath them, or upon their leaves, trunks, and
branches, in small white flakes, resembling bits of starch. The taste
of this secretion is sweet and mucilaginous, having a greater or less
aperient effect on different individuals; it is quite a sweetmeat, and
seems to consist of mucilage, sugar, and probably some magnesia: although
it readily acts as an aperient on some persons, upon others it produces
no effect; it does not dissolve in the sun, but, on the contrary, becomes
dryer and of harder consistence, by exposure; rain dissolves it, but
more secretion of it takes place after wet than during a continuance of
dry weather. Many of the colonists supposed the manna was secreted from
the leaves of the tree, but from the foliage having a strong camphorated
taste and odour, which the manna has not in the slightest degree, it was
not probable; others again supposed it to proceed from the nectaries of
the flowers, which are white, growing in clusters, and give to the tree a
beautiful appearance when in bloom, attracting multitudes of parroquets.
This tree, similar to the other _Eucalypti_, secretes a red gum, both
spontaneously and in larger quantities, on incisions being made on the
trunk. Birds and several insects feed upon the manna; among others the
“Galang, galang,” as they are named in the language of the country, the
“locust” of the colonists, of which insects, as I have before said, the
aborigines declare it to be the excrement.
The tree is called in the aboriginal language “Bartoman,” and the manna
is named “Cú ningaban;” it is collected and eaten by the natives. The
growth of the tree, when young, is graceful and elegant; the bark is
covered with a whitish powder, which readily rubs off upon the fingers,
and the bark underneath is of a greyish colour; the bark of the “white
gum” (_Eucalyptus species_) resembles this tree, but may be distinguished
by not having a black butt like the manna-tree. On examining the tree to
ascertain positively from what part of it the manna was secreted, I found
in several that the manna exuded in a liquid form in minute drops from
the bark, and then concreted; on some it had oozed out and had concreted
upon the trunk in large thin flakes; it exuded about the consistence
of syrup, and in taste was sweet; when secreted from the branches it
falls from those above, upon the leaves, &c. of others beneath, and upon
the ground, where, during a plentiful season, a large quantity may be
collected.
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