War Medals and Their HistorySteward, William Augustus
History
War Medals and Their History
Steward, William Augustus
Great Britain. Army -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.
=Drake's Medal.=--This handsome medal, given to Sir Francis Drake
by Queen Elizabeth after his voyage round the world, now in the
possession of the descendants of the famous commander at Nutwell Court,
Devonshire, is a characteristic example of the Elizabethan jeweller's
art. The frame, set with diamonds and rubies, and enamelled in various
colours, forms a handsome setting for the fine cameo cut in onyx, and
attributed to Valerio Vincenteno. Two heads are carved thereon, one
representing Europe cut in the lower strata of white, while out of the
upper strata of black the head of a negro has been fashioned. Set in
the reverse is a beautiful miniature of Queen Elizabeth by the famous
painter Nicholas Hilliard, with the date Anno Dom: 1575 Regni 20. From
the badge depends a cluster of baroque pearls connecting a pear-shaped
drop with the main body of the badge. The virgin Queen also presented
the intrepid mariner with a jewelled star of twelve points; rubies set
in the rays, and diamonds and opals in the circular centre surrounding
an orb indicative of sovereignty. Loops are attached for fixing on to
the coat.
=Charles I Naval Medals.=--Charles I issued a medal which, because of
its size, could not have been intended as a personal decoration, but
rather to commemorate the launching of the famous three-decker, the
"Royal Sovereign," in 1637. On the obverse is a portrait in profile
of the King looking left: it varies, however, and on one the monarch
is represented with a ruff round the neck, and a jewel depending from
stars on the shoulder; and on the other he is represented in armour,
with long curling hair over a turn-down collar. Around the bust is the
motto CAROLVS ◆ I ◆ D ◆ G ◆ MAG ◆ BRITAIN ◆ FRAN ◆ ET ◆ HIB ◆ REX. On
the truncation is 1639. The medal is in silver 2·35 in. in diameter,
and is by Nicholas, Bristol. On the reverse is the "Royal Sovereign"
under full sail, and to the left tiny promontories with forts thereon;
around the ship is the inscription NEC ◆ META ◆ MIHI ◆ QVÆ ◆ TERMINVS ◆
ORBI. A smaller medal, probably for naval service, was likewise issued
with the same inscription. It was not, however, a small replica of the
medal just described, although it bore the same effigy of King Charles
I on the obverse, and a ship in full sail on the reverse, for the
actual design and modelling differ.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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