War Medals and Their HistorySteward, William Augustus
History
War Medals and Their History
Steward, William Augustus
Great Britain. Army -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.
=Boy's Medal for Gallantry.=--In Dr. Payne's collection is a unique
specimen of a Queen Anne medal awarded to a boy for conspicuous
gallantry. On the obverse is the laureated bust of Queen Anne, facing
left, draped, with a row of pearls about the shoulders, with the legend
ANNA D : G : MAG : BRI : FR : ET HIB : REG :. The medal, which is 2·75
in. in diameter, has a raised border of laurel leaves and roses, and
a ring for suspension. On the reverse is the inscription engraved in
writing characters:
"Her Majᵗⁱᵉˢ reward to Robert Taylor Boy of yᵉ Mary Galley, for his
Zeal and Courage at yᵉ taking of yᵉ French Privateer Jacques La
Blonde of Dunkirk."
This medal, illustrated facing page 276, is one of the few struck
during the reign of Queen Anne "to give all due Encouragement to the
Valour and Fidelity of Her Subjects serving aboard any of Her Majesties
Ships of War or Privateers." The cost of providing the medals, it was
further ordered, was to be paid out of Her Majesty's share of prizes.
This declaration, made on June 1st, 1702, in the first year of her
reign, differs from the Act of 1692, which directed that they were to
be provided out of a tenth part set aside for that special purpose.
=George I.=--During the reign of George I there is on record the award
in 1715 of a gold enamelled jewel and £1,000 sterling to Captain
Matthew Martin, Commander of the "Marlborough," for his gallant
defence of his ship against three French ships-of-war in the Bay
of Bengal, and getting her safely to Fort St. George in 1712. The
medal, it will be observed, was awarded for an action in the reign
of George's predecessor. It bore on the obverse the Arms of the East
India Company, and was enamelled and set with diamonds; on the reverse
was an inscription recording the services for which it was awarded. No
official decoration was awarded for the victory of Sir George Byng over
the Spanish fleet off Cape Passaro in the Mediterranean on July 31st,
1718, although a silver medal was struck to commemorate the event.
[Illustration: SILVER MEDAL AWARDED BY QUEEN ANNE TO A BOY FOR
CONSPICUOUS GALLANTRY.]
=George II.=--Commemorative medals were also struck in connection
with the taking of Puerto Bello, in the Caribbean Sea, by Admiral
Vernon with six ships in 1739. The city had about 10,000 inhabitants,
and Vernon got possession of the place within forty-eight hours and
destroyed the fortifications. There are several "Vernon" medals in
existence, varying in size and shape, in white metal, bronze, and
silver; but most have on the reverse "He took Porto Bello with Six
Ships only." It is by no means certain that any of these medals were
issued as official decorations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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