War Medals and Their HistorySteward, William Augustus
History
War Medals and Their History
Steward, William Augustus
Great Britain. Army -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.
=The Baltic Medal.=--For their services in connection with the blockade
of the Baltic, Queen Victoria commanded in 1856 that a medal should
be struck and issued to the officers, seamen, and marines who had
been engaged in the Baltic from March 1854 to August 1855, during
which period they had blockaded Bomarsund, attacked and captured it,
and bombarded and destroyed Sveaborg. Two officers and 90 sappers
and miners who served aboard the flagship and at Bomarsund were also
awarded the medal, which bears on the obverse the same bust of Queen
Victoria as on the medals previously described, and on the reverse the
seated figure of Britannia, holding a trident in her right hand, with a
naval gun and pile of shot, flags, and a naval coronet beside her, and
behind in the distance the fort of Bomarsund to the left, and Sveaborg
to the right; above all is BALTIC, and in the exergue ~1854-55~. The
medal, by L. C. Wyon, is 1⅖ in. in diameter, and depends from a yellow
ribbon 1¼ in. wide with blue edges, by means of a curled suspender
similar to the Sutlej type. The medals were issued unnamed, except in
the case of the officers and sappers mentioned above, and theirs were
issued with their names impressed.
The following ships were employed in the Baltic: H.M.S. "Duke of
Wellington,*" "Saint George," "Neptune," "Princess Royal," "Royal
George,*" "Saint Jean d'Acre," "Majestic,*" "Nile,*" "James Watt,*"
"Prince Regent," "Cæsar,*" "Monarch," "Boscawen," "Cumberland,"
"Cressy,*" "Blenheim,*" "Hogue,*" "Edinburgh,*" "Amphion,*"
"Arrogant,*" "Ajax,*" "Euryalus,*" "Imperieuse,*" "Cruiser,"
"Odin," "Dauntless," "Archer," "Leopard," "Valorous," "Desperate,"
"Magicienne," "Vulture," "Dragon," "Porcupine," "Bulldog," "Conflict,"
"Driver," "Hecla," "Basilisk," "Rosamund," "Lightning," "Alban," and
H.M. Hospital Ship "Belleisle."
After the recall of Sir Charles Napier, who was censured for not
attacking Sveaborg, a fleet was dispatched to the Baltic under
Rear-Admiral Hon. R. Dundas. It included the ships named above
marked with an asterisk, and the "Calcutta," "Colossus," "Orion,"
"Cornwallis," "Exmouth," "Russell," "Hawk," "Pembroke," "Hastings,"
"Retribution," "Falcon," "Esk," "Tartar," "Cossack," "Archer,"
"Harrier," and "Pylades," with a number of smaller vessels and
gunboats. During the second operations in the Baltic, Lieutenant Dowell
of the Marine Artillery gained the V.C. for leading a volunteer crew
in a boat from the "Ruby," and taking the cutter of the "Arrogant" in
tow when she was swamped after the explosion of her magazine during an
attack on some vessels at Viborg.
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