War Medals and Their HistorySteward, William Augustus
History
War Medals and Their History
Steward, William Augustus
Great Britain. Army -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.
=Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg Medal.=--In 1816 Duke Emilius Leopold Augustus
decided to have a medal struck for presentation to the members of the
Foreign Legion of the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg who had taken
part in the campaigns of 1814-15. The medals were of bronze; those
awarded to the officers were 1⅗ in. in diameter, gilt all over, and
those given to the private soldiers 1¹³⁄₂₀ in. in diameter, parti-gilt,
the Altenburg rose and ornamental border on the obverse being gilt,
likewise the ducal crown and lettering on the reverse, which bears, in
old German characters, IM KAMPFE FUER DAS RECHT (In the struggle for
right), and round the edge, where the name of the recipient is usually
placed, HERZOGTH GOTHA-VND-ALTENBVRG MDCCCXIV : MDCCCXV. The medal has
a ball-shaped loop and ring for suspension from a dark-green ribbon
1 in. wide, with a border of black, through which gold is braided at
intervals (see facing page 72).
=Belgian Star.=--A five-pointed star, with ring for suspension, was
granted to the Belgian troops who were present at the battle of
Waterloo. Like many continental medals of the period, it is very
simple, having on the obverse 1813, and on the reverse 1815. It is not
very coveted, owing to the uncertain conduct of the Belgian troops.
=Hanoverian Jubilee Medal.=--On the fiftieth anniversary of the battle
of Waterloo the inhabitants of Hanover presented a bronze medal to
the survivors of the Hanoverian troops. On the obverse is the arms of
Hanover, encircled with the inscription STADT HANOVER DEN SIEGERN VON
WATERLOO 18 JUNI 1815, and on the reverse, within a laurel wreath, ZUR
50 JÄHRIGEN JUBELFEIER AM 18 JUNI 1865.
=French or St. Helena Medal.=--It was not until August 12th, 1857,
that the survivors of that magnificent army of Frenchmen who followed
_le petit Caporal_ in his campaigns from 1792 to 1815 received a medal
commemorative of their devotion and gallantry. It was due to the
Emperor Napoleon III that the old military and naval warriors received,
what their great General and Emperor would wish for them, "marks of
merit." The St. Helena medal is oval and of bronze, 1⅕ in. across. On
the obverse is a beaded circle within laurel leaves, which frame the
whole medal (see facing page 64), the laureated head of Napoleon facing
to the right with the legend NAPOLEON I EMPEREUR. On the reverse,
within a beaded circle, is the inscription A SES COMPAGNONS DE GLOIRE
SA DERNIERE PENSEE STE. HELENE 5 MAI 1821 (To his companions in glory
his last thought St. Helena 5 May 1821), and around CAMPAGNES DE 1792
A 1815, with a small five-pointed star beneath. As part of the medal,
but standing above the oval, is the French Imperial Crown, through the
terminal of which a ring runs for suspension from a green ribbon, 1½
in. wide, with narrow stripes of red.
NEPAUL
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