Even after the launch of the _Warrior_ the Admiralty ordered a few
wooden ships, but in 1866 decided upon the adoption of iron warships.
One of the last and certainly one of the best to look at of the wooden
armour-plated ships was the steam frigate _Lord Clyde_, but as a sailer
she had many defects, of which slowness was not the least. In her case
the armour extended to the ends of the ship, and nowhere was it less
than 4½ inches in thickness, while at the water-line the armour plates
were 5½ inches thick. The sides of the entire battery deck from stem
to stern, and from 3 feet below to 3 feet above the ports, were plated
with 6-inch armour, of which one thickness of 1½ inches was bolted to
the ship’s frame, and the other, of 4½ inches, was placed upon the
outside of the planking. The armour went 6 feet below the water-line
amidships, and for the sake of lightness was only 4½ feet deep at the
ends. The gun ports were 8 feet 9 inches above the water-line, or 2
feet 6 inches higher than those of _La Gloire_. She was the first
vessel in the British Navy to carry an armour-plated bow battery on
the main deck. This armour plating also was carried upwards to protect
an upper-deck bow battery mounted under the ship’s forecastle. This
arrangement enabled her to fire four guns ahead, while exposing to
the enemy’s fire only the curved surface of her bow armour. She also
had a distance of 15 feet between each gun port on her main deck. Her
engines of 1,000 h.p. nominal, and 6,000 indicated, drove a two-bladed
Griffith’s adjustable propeller 28 feet in diameter.
From 1860 to 1866 ten broadside ironclads were added to the navy,
the last and the largest being the _Northumberland_ of 10,780 tons.
All these vessels, except the _Hector_ and _Minotaur_, carried
muzzle-loaders, but these two had breechloaders of the early Armstrong
screw type, which were soon superseded by more powerful weapons. The
_Minotaur_ carried fifty guns, the _Northumberland_ twenty-six.
Then followed the abandonment of the broadside and the confinement of
the heavy armament of an ironclad to a central battery protected by
thick iron side armour and armoured bulkheads, the only other portion
of the ship to be thus protected being that near the water-line. The
first of these in the British Navy was the _Bellerophon_, launched in
1865; she was of 7,550 tons displacement, and her engines, of 6,520
h.p. indicated, drove one screw and gave her a speed of fourteen
knots. Her thickest armour was 6 inches, and her heaviest gun a 12-ton
muzzle-loader. Altogether she carried fourteen guns, including one in a
small armoured citadel in the bows.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account